suzumer

Because a language being NP-hard implies it is at least as hard as the hardest NP problems. For any language that is NP-hard, if one had a turing machine that decided the language, one could construct a polynomial time transformation of any language in NP to the NP-hard language to decide it using the NP-hard turing machine.

This doesn't track my experience. I have Ewing's Sarcoma, and my first regimen involved 5 agents: Doxorubicin, Vincristine, Cytoxan, Ifofsfomide, and Etoposide. This [1] appears to be the same plan I used. When that failed, I had a second regimen with Vincristine, Irinotecan, and Temozolomide. After that failed, I had Irinotecan and Trabectidin, followed by Doxil, followed by, Cytoxan and Topotecan, followed by high dose Ifofsfomide. So only two of the treatments I received were single agent, but maybe it depends on the cancer.

[1] https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/treatment/drug...

I thought using multiple therapies for cancer was fairly common, or are you referring specifically to immunotherapies?

According to this [1] wikipedia article, the only feature Sapphire Rapids doesn't support is VP2INTERSECT.

[1]:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Advanced_Vector_Extensions

At the time, there was essentially a 50/50 chance it was a lab leak or from a wet market. The issue with saying it was a lab leak at that time is that you are essentially gambling the US's relationship with China should it come out that it was a from a wet market. Also, a lot of the discussion regarding the lab leak theory early on seemed to me like it wouldn't be sated even if the US presented sufficient evidence that it was from a wet market.

Saying COVID-19 leaked from a lab with zero evidence is different than waiting for evidence and then saying it leaked from a lab.

The issue there is that the listens from people who listen to less music would be worth more than the listens from people who listen to more music.

Cern uses cling now (https://github.com/root-project/cling)

Mark Fairchild, one of the authors of CIECAM02, recently published a paper that heavily simplified that equation: https://markfairchild.org/PDFs/PAP45.pdf

If the link doesn't work, the paper is called: Brightness, lightness, colorfulness, and chroma in CIECAM02 and CAM16.

Also, if you want a readable introduction to color science, you can check out his book Color Appearance Models.

I haven't gone through the whole article, but it seems to be conflating chroma and saturation. If lightness of a color is scaled by a factor c, then chroma needs to be scaled by that same factor, or saturation won't be preserved, and the color will appear more vibrant then it should.

Do you live in Canada?

CAM16's hue lines are curved by design. Hue is not linear with regards to xy chromaticity, as evidenced by the Abney effect[1].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abney_effect

While one commenter had it somewhat right that HDR has to do with how bright/dark an image can be, the main thing HDR images specify is how far ABOVE reference white you can display. With srgb, 100 percent of all channels is 100 percent white (brightness of a perfect lambertian reflector). Rec 2100 together with rec 2408 specify modern hdr encoding, where 203 nits is 100 percebt white, and above that would be anything brighter (light sources, specular reflection, etc). So if a white image encoded in sdr looks dimmer than hdr for non specular detail, that is probably encoding or decoding error.

Cam16 (as opposed to cam16 ucs) is perception based. It calculates chroma, lightness, and hue, and is based on the munsell color system. Hellwig and Fairchild recently simplifed the model mathematically, improving it's chroma accuracy.( http://markfairchild.org/PDFs/PAP45.pdf) Another, simpler, model is CIELAB, which outputs paramters L, a, and b, where L is lightness, hypot(a,b) is chroma, and arctan2(b,a) is the hue.

You shouldn't be using JCh_to_Jab with CAM16. The CAM16-UCS J'a'b' is a very bizarre construct compared to CIELAB, as a' and b', when converted to cartesian, output hue and ln(1 + 0.0228M)/0.0228, where M is colorfulness. It does not output hue and chroma. Likewise, J' is equal to 1.7*J/(1 + 0.007J). Thus it is almost J, but not.

You should probably just convert straight from XYZ to JCh, without using the UCS.

My post is mostly referring to children, who even with step by step instructions, may have some difficulty. Look at the stickers on this space shuttle: https://www.lego.com/cdn/cs/set/assets/blt6d09e0ada535ae04/1... , which require fairly precise alignment. Or the tiles on the roof of rivendell: https://www.lego.com/cdn/cs/set/assets/blt0a0c82506f8bd960/1... , and then there's topic of endurance with regards to larger sets.

That being said, I actually revise my thesis. Looking back, Lego used to have age ranges listed: https://images.brickset.com/sets/large/7893-1.jpg , however, it appears all sets now just list a single age with a plus sign. Thus it seems Lego has actually shifted more towards the age simply being capability, with the 18+ designation being the outlier.

The biggest gripe I have with Lego's creation of the 18+ tag is that the age suggestion now has more to do with who lego thinks will enjoy a set, rather than who is capable of building the set. Fans know what they can build, so the age suggestion in my mind was for parents who knew what properties their children enjoyed, but didnt know what their kids were capable of building. I still think that is the case for the other age ranges, but for 18+, I guess lego now thinks adults need to be told what is ok for them to buy. This is most apparent with the BTS set (https://www.lego.com/en-us/search?q=Bts), an 18+ set with simple building techniques targeting a brand mostly enjoyed by teenagers. Compare this to the Airbus heli (https://www.lego.com/en-us/product/airbus-h175-rescue-helico...) which is more aptly labelled at 11+ while having twice as many pieces and being a technic build.

I would argue everyone should learn c purely from a linux/free software point of view. So many open source libraries are written in c, and getting as many eyes as possible on that source code would definitely be beneficial.

Wth aacs, can't new bluray discs revoke older certificates if they are compromised?

Like video, webp uses limited ycbcr, as opposed to jpeg which uses full ycbcr. This leads to grayscale jpeg looking perfect on monitors that use full rgb values, as opposed to webp which will have slight banding issues when displaying grayscale content.

Webp is encoded using limited ycbcr values as opposed to jpeg which uses full range ycbcr values. When converting jpeg to webp, there will be banding. Grayscale limited ycbcr when converted to full rgb during display ill also have banding.

Webp really doesnt have a banding issue unless you convert jpeg or display purely grayscale content.

While price per piece may have remained relatively constant, Lego has been pushing out more and more expensive sets. I remember when the most expensive set was the 400 dollar death star, and that was the only 400 dollar set. Now, there are 26 sets that are 400 dollars or more, with 7 of those sets being 600 dollars or more, and the most expensive set being 850 dollars. All of this to target more adult fans of lego.

That article you cite, uses this haaretz opinion article (https://www.haaretz.com/israel-news/2023-10-20/ty-article-op...) as evidence for Netanyahu bolstering Hamas. The main point presented is here:

"Releasing Palestinian prisoners, allowing cash transfers, as the Qatari envoy comes and goes to Gaza as he pleases, agreeing to the import of a broad array of goods, construction materials in particular, with the knowledge that much of the material will be designated for terrorism and not for building civilian infrastructure, increasing the number of work permits in Israel for Palestinian workers from Gaza, and more. All these developments created symbiosis between the flowering of fundamentalist terrorism and preservation of Netanyahu’s rule."

The idea that these points prove that Netanyahu purposefully bolstered Hamas is tenuous at best.

The linked pdf states the following:

"The percentage of all births to unmarried women was 40.0% in 2021, down 1% from 2020 (40.5%) (Table 9) (15). The percentage of all births to unmarried women peaked in 2009 at 41.0% (13,15).

The percentage of nonmarital births in 2021 increased from 2020 for non-Hispanic Asian (12.6% in 2021) and Hispanic (53.2%) women. The percentage decreased for non-Hispanic White (27.5%), non-Hispanic Black (70.1%), and non-Hispanic AIAN (68.5%) women. The percentage was unchanged for non- Hispanic NHOPI women (51.8%). The number of nonmarital births was essentially unchanged from 2020 (1,464,121) to 2021 (1,464,455) (15).

Nonmarital birth rates declined from 2020 to 2021 for women in age groups under 30, with the rate for teenagers aged 15–19 dropping 7% (to 13.0 per 1,000 in 2021), and the rate for females aged 15–17 declining to another all-time low (5.6). Conversely, the nonmarital birth rate reached a historic peak of 38.2 for women aged 35–39. The rates were essentially unchanged for women aged 30–34 (58.5) and 40–44 (11.4)."

So it appears to be trending down from a high in 2009.

This isn't necessarily true. I tried to measure the PWM of my Cree and Philips smart bulbs, and what I found is that for RGB mode, they used PWM, but for white mode (which appears to use a 2700k led and 6500k led) they current dim both leds, and then use PWM to pulse the warm and cool leds on and off to achieve the target warmth. The Philips bulb actually syncs this so while the warm led is on, the cool led is off, and vice versa, so even though there is flicker, the total lumens eminating from the bulb is constant.

You are correct that streaming atmos is different. Blu-rays deliver audio using the Dolby TrueHD audio codec, which is a lossless codec whose streams average 6 mbps, but can peak up to 18 mbps. Streaming services use Dolby Digital Plus to deliver dolby atmos content, which is typically encoded at 768 kbps.

If there is a specialty program that better caters to a students desired major and is affordable, generally speaking, said student will go to that school. A student studying linguistics at WVU is likely studying at the best linguistics program that they can afford and received an acceptance.

While bilinear works best when operating on linear colors, this isn't true of all resampling techniques. Fourier based kernels (sinc, lanczos, jinc) works better on nonlinear colors, as the ringing induced by these filters is exagerrated by linear color spaces.

Paint.net stopped releasing source code in 2009.

Dr. House takes vicodin. But that is the only example that comes to my mind.