anythingnonidinon Psilocybin for treatment-resistant depression: fMRI-measured brain mechanisms [pdf]
Yes, and also:
'Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population.'
1,933 karma · joined March 10, 2017
'Classic psychedelic use is associated with reduced psychological distress and suicidality in the United States adult population.'
http://www.joponline.org/doi/abs/10.1902/jop.1972.43.3.181?j...
In almost all psilocybin studies, the effect is mediated by the degree to which the participant has a 'mystical-type experience.'
I don't imagine this could be experienced while unconscious, and so assuming that's correct, then it would be substantially less effective if someone was unconscious.
I would expect a small anti-depressant effect of psilocybin alone, possibly related to the serotonin 2A receptor and it's impact on well-being. But, to be very clear - the active experience of a 'mystical trip' is what causes a reduction in depression.
See:
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/026988111773127...
'Determinants of enduring effects were psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience'
http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/026988111667551...
'The psilocybin-induced mystical experience mediated the therapeutic effect of psilocybin on anxiety and depression.'
> “Since the early 1990s, approximately 2000 doses of psilocybin (ranging from low to high doses) have been safely administered to humans in the United States and Europe, in carefully controlled scientific settings, with no reports of any medical or psychiatric serious AEs, including no reported cases of prolonged psychosis or HPPD (Studerus et al., 2011).”1
Then, to address 'controlled environment':
> “Lifetime classic psychedelic use was associated with a significantly reduced odds of past month psychological distress (weighted odds ratio (OR)=0.81 (0.72–0.91)), past year suicidal thinking (weighted OR=0.86 (0.78–0.94)), past year suicidal planning (weighted OR=0.71 (0.54–0.94)), and past year suicide attempt (weighted OR=0.64 (0.46–0.89))”13
And
> According to US government statistics, magic mushrooms have been used by 22.8 million Americans at least once.12
While they can lead to this, tendency doesn't seem to be the right word to use.
I'm quite passionate about this topic and I think it's very important that people writing publicly and sharing opinions on these substances are accurately informed, and try to present statics and put references into context.
Does the above change your mind on this? If not, what would change your mind a little bit towards thinking that they don't have a tendency to do this?
This is interesting to me. I wonder what a world would look like if everyone had therapeutic access to a substance that had a 'very large' effect size on increasing altruism.
Full text: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/026988111773127...
> Compared with low-dose, high-dose psilocybin produced greater acute and persisting effects. At 6 months, compared with LD-SS, both high-dose groups showed large significant positive changes on longitudinal measures of interpersonal closeness, gratitude, life meaning/purpose, forgiveness, death transcendence, daily spiritual experiences, religious faith and coping, and community observer ratings. Determinants of enduring effects were psilocybin-occasioned mystical-type experience and rates of meditation/spiritual practices. Psilocybin can occasion enduring trait-level increases in prosocial attitudes/behaviors and in healthy psychological functioning.
> A long-term follow-up of patients who received MDMA-assisted psychotherapy revealed that overall benefits were maintained an average of 3.8 years later.
(This is after 2 total sessions)
See here for more http://www.mdmaptsd.org/infographic.html
"87% of “Molly” analyzed by the DEA between 2009 and 2013 contained 0% MDMA, instead mostly containing “bath salts” like methylone.3"
See this from earlier research results http://www.mdmaptsd.org/research-category.html
> A long-term follow-up of patients who received MDMA-assisted psychotherapy revealed that overall benefits were maintained an average of 3.8 years later.
Or, for a shorter view, the article Trip Treatment by Michael Pollan: https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/02/09/trip-treatment
In the US, access to research funding is a far larger issue than scheduling. The main benefit of rescheduling would likely be through its indirect benefits on access to funding.
Source: I’ve talked with multiple researchers who are studying psychedelics.
Also, I recommend reading or listening to the book Acid Test if anyone here would like to learn more.
In the US, access to research funding is a far larger issue than scheduling. The main benefit of rescheduling would likely be through its indirect benefits on access to funding.
Source: I’ve talked with multiple researchers who are studying psychedelics.
The main benefit of rescheduling will likely be through easier access to government funding and funding from large foundations.
If you’re very wealthy, you can fund psychedelic research that interests you today - again, the scheduling is not close to being the main limiting factor.
Source: I’ve talked with multiple researchers who are studying psychedelics.
> No current or past history of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, no Bipolar I or II disorder, and no first or second-degree (“A second-degree relative is defined as a blood relative which includes the individual’s grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces or half-siblings.”) relatives with these disorders.3
https://tripsafe.org/how-to-take-lsd/#1-avoid-with-certain-h...
For what it’s worth:
> “Since the early 1990s, approximately 2000 doses of psilocybin (ranging from low to high doses) have been safely administered to humans in the United States and Europe, in carefully controlled scientific settings, with no reports of any medical or psychiatric serious AEs, including no reported cases of prolonged psychosis or HPPD (Studerus et al., 2011).”1
https://tripsafe.org/shrooms/#2-the-safety-profile-of-shroom...
Psilocybin isn’t the same as ayahuasca or LSD but we’d expect it to have an extremely similar safety and adverse effect profile.
> No current or past history of schizophrenia or other psychotic disorders, no Bipolar I or II disorder, and no first or second-degree (“A second-degree relative is defined as a blood relative which includes the individual’s grandparents, grandchildren, aunts, uncles, nephews, nieces or half-siblings.”) relatives with these disorders.3
https://tripsafe.org/how-to-take-lsd/#1-avoid-with-certain-h...
Also this means that it is advisable for you to steer clear of psychedelics.
For what it’s worth:
> “Since the early 1990s, approximately 2000 doses of psilocybin (ranging from low to high doses) have been safely administered to humans in the United States and Europe, in carefully controlled scientific settings, with no reports of any medical or psychiatric serious AEs, including no reported cases of prolonged psychosis or HPPD (Studerus et al., 2011).”1
https://tripsafe.org/shrooms/#2-the-safety-profile-of-shroom...
Drug use should be treated as a health issue, not a criminal issue.
> Jagmeet Singh is the first major politician to bring this issue to the forefront and it happened completely by chance through a single off-hand question.
(i.e., removing criminal penalties or making it no jail time possible, but not government supplied)
- War on drugs has failed. Criminalization has consequences on community - in many cases, most of the negative effects come from the criminalization, not the drug.
- Consensual crimes that don’t harm others shouldn’t be crimes.
- Drug prohibition doesn’t seem to decrease use — Portugal. (Also perhaps Czech, Italy, Spain?)
- Drug war enforcement costs a ton, we could save tax money.
- 1.2 million people arrested for drug possession in 2015. http://www.drugwarfacts.org/chapter/crime_arrests#arrests
- Prisons are crowded. Would reduce this a little.
- Easier for addicts to seek treatment.
I think the strongest reasons are that drug use should be treated as a health issue and not a criminal issue, and that consensual crimes that don't harm others shouldn't be crimes.
What is the single strongest reason for or against decriminalizing all drugs, in your opinion?