Out_of_Characte

Its worse, TSMC is the single biggest semiconductor manufacturer for general logic chips. Samsung has their own fabs for ram and ssd's specialised for density. All the litography equipment they use come from a single company called ASML. They also have complete market domination for the past few generations of litography machines and are the first and only producers of EUV litography.

Semiconductors are so complex and capital intensive that even a duopoly couln't balance the expense.

you are overestimating the damage caused by higher sea level and severely underestimating the damage caused by moving the freshwater saltwater line. I live in the Netherlands where we're basacally set up for sea level rises and severe storms that could happen once every 10000 years. so we have plenty of margin.

But the movenement of the freshwater/saltwater line is something we cannot control and it has severe impacts on fishing and the ecosystem now.

The entire causal relationship of lockdowns and social isolation doesn't sit right with me, I'm sure there are anxious people that decided to spend more time isolated but my uncle couldn't do that after a few months, got covid and died. I didn't even attempt to isolate insofar friends had the same mindset and none of them isolated or reduced interactions exept bars were closed. So its not clear to me that people are capable of suvervising their own social interactions. Maybe threatening to 'reduce social interaction' had the opposite effect of creating scarcity which induced demand. This would have been stating the obvious if we're talking economics.

Evolution would fix this, especially if it was truly severe it would be 'fixed' even more quickly but I doubt people can accept the consequences.

This is a bad example because no broker would force you to sell your own equity.

You had 100 dollars, you're leveraging 50 cents for every dollar you put in giving you a .5:1 leverage ( or 50%, or 1.5/1 as a fraction)

Only if the stock loses more than 100 dollars in your equity would the broker be worried and ask for margin. This means your $150 dollars of leveraged stock would have to drop to $50 dollars before the broker would be worried and sell your stock to get their $50 back. This means your stock could drop 66,7% or 2/3 as a fraction.

All fees are paid upfront and the rest from your margin. Not your stock.

If your source of energy gets cheaper, you would capitalise on that by increasing your hash rate in order to get an advantage in the hash checksum lottery. The profitability of bitcoin mining has always been your hashrate/cost, and your cost has always been the total cost of ownership of your equipment. That includes power.

Speculation would be fine if it helped price discovery but it has become clear to me that bitcoin is far too irrational for me to partake in other than keeping the little exposure that I've had so far. I'm sure there is some mathematical hash algorithm/proof of stake/distributed accounting that could serve a better job as a financial tool than relying on government-issued currency with a high risk of inflation as a result of poor debt management. But no crypto can satisfy all factors that investors would like.

* Decrease in transaction costs as the new protocol matures This is historically what happened as technology, computing power, bandwidth improved. Bitcoin would require changes in protocol in order to make this happen, like Ethereum did.

* significantly better balance between early investors and late investors. A million increase in value between early and late investors just destroys the store of value idea as its a pure speculation instrument. A currency with a very stable inflation rate could outperform the dollar if enough markets used it.

* better integration with long-standing agreements like insurance against theft, loss, recalls and other tools everyone expects to be able to use from a functioning society.

I'm not sure what you mean, people working for companies can and have been jailed. Or did you mean the legal entitiy of a corporation can't be 'jailed'?

Its the stock market. The only certainty you have is that it will always remain chaotic. Specific investment strategies are what helps build index funds. Without that you'll increase risk acossiated with index funds. There IS too much reliance on index funds right now and once the S&P drops significantly you'll run the risk of losing far more than if you hadn't relied completely on its basket.

Not really, I could fork bitcoin and mine bitcoins that no one wants. Which you might argue is unfairly representing your particular cryptocurrency but you'll have to admit that any better cryptocurrency at any point can reduce the value of bitcoin by 100%. Just because it has never happend doesn't mean it cant.

This differs significantly from real estate or gold, which is backed by a tangible representation. With a virtual currency, there is no floor to the amount of losses. Theres also no dependent economic activity to support it right now and any dependent economic activity could be replaced all the same.

From an investment perspective, bitcoin does not have a significant advantage as a store of value as you would think. Its expenditures are in energy+equiment hash rate, which is going up at the rate of value being put in. and its profits are based on transaction costs, which are also going up in tandem with the value put in.

Take away the speculation and you'll have a zero-sum game which always leverages power costs trough transaction processing. So the store of value is a benchmark of computational energy.

index funds will have better track records than bitcoin, even if all index funds drop 50% tommorrow.

If I take your comment to heart then you should also shut up because its not your business to call people of color, black people. He most certainly has the right to comment. I do, too. I wouldn't want a payment processor to block you or fine you an arbitrary amount for vague rule violation with no legal recourse. Shutting up would mean this discussion wouldn't exist and paypal can continue stealing 2500 because they are always right.

How much of that is due to how complex tickling someone is? Any repetition and you'll get used to it. Theres also that study proving even rats can get tickled. Which gets me wondering if crustaceans can get tickled as well.

The Irony is that the owners of celsius were holding crypto's they controlled, They sold the crypto and the fiat currency their users held are now unable to be returned to them. This is why the ability to exchange any given asset(selling) is far more important. Yes, they could have held fiat currency in cash in their couch but buying crypto is far better than that because you own the asset, you dont have to mail anyone money and fear law enforcement from asking questions (very possible if you attempt to buy anything expensive in cash, especially by mail) and crypto is safe even if your house burns down and your deposit box gets stolen. But people buying into celsius decided to give them all the advantage of the cryptocurrency protocol and all the risks with lending someone else money.

I'm not even endorsing crypto, Just pointing out how much people misunderstood what the point of crypto even is. No company should receive money for holding your keys unless its dropbox

You can't sell things on a website if paypal blocks you. Money does not work here, crypto does. also, how do you convert your blocked paypal account into cash? cash and online banking are two different things.

I think consumer/customer is the right term in this situation. Even though I could build an isolated network with ethernet cables and security camera's, we're usually left with the other people, myself included, that wouldn't always be able to do research and come up with the best solution. That's why I want to outsource that by purchasing something. Which is why we're left with this freemarket of vulnerable devices and practises. People setting up security camera's usually do a good job. Consumers do not.

The hallucinations do really help. Its very difficult to be depressed when all the trees are dancing and shining. LSD and the likes also avoids congnitive hallucinations in most people so you're perfectly aware that it's just the wind.

Some of the more popular games do have significant resale value on skins that can be turned into steam credits. So its op par with gambling. And no gambler makes money trough their spins, unless you count games like poker where better players can edge out somewhat of an advantage.

He's talking about how elemental iron on earth binds to oxygen and that carbon monoxide could be used to reduce this but I have no clue wether martian metals are oxydised or not.

>I feel like this is the biggest impediment to universal healthcare in the usa, When much of the developed world implemented it. ...and the cost of healthcare was low. I'm not sure what you mean. systemic health issues, like obesity, wouldn't be better off under universal health care because I would end up paying for the other 40%. Which is entirely ""preventable"" whatever that means in todays society where no one actually prevents it.

as to what you mean when you say "When most of the developed world implemented it" I'm not sure we have the same classification of 'universal health care'

For me, based in the Netherlands, I wouldn't classify our system as universal health care at all. There is a tax for health insurance but it doesn't cover anything that any america, brit or canadian would call universal health care. The government negotiates a minimum package that all insurers need to provide which sets you back 120 euro's a year. for lower income, the government will give a tax break up to 110 euro's a year. Companies are also paying for health care and only whats left after that is paid by the governement. However when you require certain healthcare services, you pay the first 385 euro's out of your own pocket. This is on a yearly basis and is never covered by anyone but yourself. anything above that is fully covered and paid for. though there are lots of exeptions. You wont have to pay consultants, vaccinations and other commons. You'll still get the receipt sent to your adress so there's quite alot of price transparency going around. I remember hospitals billing me for over 4000 euro's of various services and procedures all neatly organised but ofcourse this only set me back 385 euro's. Denmark and other neighbours have similar setups that look like universal health care but are far from it, compared to canada or britain. And I wouldn't change the dutch system ever because Its simply the best functioning healthcare system of the world.

>If suddenly tomorrow everyone switches off sugar/carbs, we would have immense food shortages If everyone would bike to work tomorrow everyone except the Netherlands would have a bike shortage.

Don't say all/any. Vice versa But really, Find me any state which recorded lower obesity than @previous-year

>Newfoundland's very popular liberal government implemented a sugar tax recently. Its great that you're optimistic about this policy and I'm always quite positive of the future but obesity is one I'm simply not seeing any signs of anything that would have a chance of improving any situation. Coca cola zero sugar is the prime example of the only solution that people would be willing to accept even though their drink still spikes blood sugar and the correct step is to never buy softdrinks again. a sugar tax is only going to weigh more on the impoverished.

You have a very good moral compass for perceived injustice. But theres nothing wrong with someone in the militairy doing push ups. There IS something wrong with questioning authority because you can see campuflaged soldiers, which was probaly the training other recruits were supposed to be doing but some smartass with good colorblind eyes ruined it for them.

How did the pandemic melt down our consolidated food supply?

AFAIK only food delivery to restaurants was slightly affected

You simply can't fix systemic health issues with a pill, shot or a multivitamin. obesity correlates with higher covid mortality and this article mentions quite clearly that alaskan life expectancy decreased despite succesfull vaccinations. Worse yet, obesity seems to be increasing rather than decreasing so whatever any politician, healthcare service or advocacy group has done the past 20 years, the USA is still not closer to a solution to the lowering life expectancy. Covid might be over but there will always be a next crisis.

Articles like these make me glad to live in the Netherlands. Here we had "stop de kindermoord" which translates to "stop murdering children" which was aimed at the higher incidence rate of accidents due to motor vehicles. in the abstract they talk about vehicle type, race and other factors while I dont see the real killer anywhere in the abstract or introduction; Speed. Way back during the protest we subsequently figured out how to incorporate cars into cities without accidents.

1) In pedestrian and cycle heavy streets, you reduce the speed to a maximum of 30kmh (~20mph) and sometimes to 10 near schools and residential area's

2) traffic seperation. to improve traffic flow, the dutch governement made sure to always seperate traffic from destinations and only intersect pedestrians and cyclists in the last mile in a 30kmph area.

3) Careful road design. Its really uncomfortable to drive above the speed limit because they narrow roads, add trees, obstacles and turns that are perfectly safe at 30kmph that make driving only safe at the apropriate speeds. adding trees next to roads also increases safety for pedestrians as an offroad car is bound to hit a tree instead of a person.

4) great investment in public transport and highways. Despite everything someone might tell you, the Netherlands is a great country to drive in with the most ridiculous infrastructure to keep traffic flowing.

5) accident investigations. There's safety focused public design. We blame the road for an accident rather than a driver. Because even if someone was wasted drunk, an accident could have killed an innocent person. Therefore the road design can be changed so that even an imcompetent or drunk driver wont harm someone. Also, everyone in a car has the legal responsibility to drive safe when encountering pedestrians because as a heavy vehicle, the onus is on you to not cause damage. even if some cyclist ran a red light. You should have been able to stop.

look up strongtowns for better accessibility for non-dutch speakers.

compressors have only two simple characteristics, compression ratio and volume. A fridge doesn't require anything special and is essentially the same piece of metal since the 50's exept theres probaly alot less metal in modern ones.

Why are there so many twitter threads on HN? Especially this one doesn't provide any context or sources. It reminds me of the time newspapers warned of global cooling with records of coldest days ever measured. Now the hottest days are used for the exact same effect even though its the same statistical lie. Articles about how no one wants to work anymore can also be replaced with any arbitrary metric that's usefull for politicians and newspapers.

Again, I would agree that days are getting hotter and wages are very depressed. But I dont like twitter threads or hearsay

Technology scales faster than fedex's data needs. Maybe somewhere in the future the reverse trend happens as their needs can be met with very small servers. Though I've always been wary of putting your data somewhere because getting your data to a competitor costs alot of money.

Assuming travelling faster than light remains impossible. Theres the advantage that there are significantly less stars in the range of 0 to 100 lightyears than there are stars between 100 and 200 lightyears away. This means even if theres an alien civilisation, All the advanced ones must be far away and therefore our technosignature will never be exposed for XXXX years.

Our biggest signature/threat is that alien civilisations are receiving signals from our planet as it was thousands or millions of years ago and have send out a capable ship. But we still have the advantage of time. even travelling at near light speed, we might notice their technological attainment far before their ship can arrive. And thanks to einstein, the time dilation they experience at light speed means they dont have time to develop further during their travel. so an alien ship arriving is not game over as we have the space-time advantage. Therefore, military forces a few hundred years from now could be interested in defensive technosignature detection.

Very impressive. The only thing missing from AI is a perfected understanding of context without billions of data points. and it has some trouble with the consistency and novelty that humans intuitively understand because of our shared evolution

Depending on what you define as water cooling, Google most definitely uses watercooling in all their datacenters.

https://www.datacenterknowledge.com/archives/2012/10/17/how-...

https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2012/03/google-flushes-h...

The average person throughout history did not have a refrigerator or global trade. Therefore any decline in todays society is moot.