> First of all, a disclaimer: standard R5RS Scheme can not be executed efficiently. Period. Every implementation must bend the semantics of the language in more or less subtle ways to do a minimum of optimization and there are several approaches to do this[0]
In my experience, lisp developers care a ton about performance. Most common lisp and schemes provide numerous ways to get good performance. With lisp you get power, flexibility, and performance. It gets even better when you use something like chicken scheme, which is compiled to C and allows you to embed C code.
I run multiple web servers written in chicken scheme and they perform very fast, much faster than nearly any comparable web framework, like rails.
[0] From a chicken scheme guide on programming for performance: http://wiki.call-cc.org/programming-for-performance