I was speaking off the top of my head, hence the ~ preceding the 5. That said, more clusters may be visible on a 3D graph. The data itself has many more dimensions, and we see only a projection.
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It does the opposite - the PCA graph shown is 2D, meaning points in the N-dimensional space are projected onto a single plane. In this projection, information is lost - i.e. point-clouds that are distinct in 3D may overlap in 2D. While we are shown the axes along which the data is most distinct, the true clusters are even more distinct, as every added dimension would contribute additional 'distinctness'.
Usually they disprove a much stronger, extreme claim (e.g. some sort of racial purity, or the idea of entirely discontinuous, clearly-delimited races), then imply this means peoples are entirely interchangeable, and that the weaker, obviously-true claim of closer kinship within countries/regions is somehow false and/or meaningless.
You're probably referring to the "greater variation within than between races" argument. But it's only true when looking at single genes, not collections of genes - that is how genetic tests can accurately determine race. And most traits are polygenic, so it does not even make sense to compare using only individual genes.
That's the reason Asian couples don't spontaneously give birth to European-looking children, and vice versa. And genes not expressed in superficial appearance were exposed to selection pressure just as much.
Whenever you see a theory so obviously contradict the evidence of your eyes, you should be at least skeptical of it (though not dismissive - e.g. quantum mechanics are true, however counterintuitive)
Does it? Because most studies find that people living in the same country are indeed more closely related to each other than to people of different countries, roughly according to what you would expect from geography, and the simplistic categorization of humans into ~5 races corresponds well to clusters on a genetic map. See:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Individual-level_hum...
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Principal_compon...
For a longer examination, see https://slatestarcodex.com/2014/08/12/does-race-exist-does-c...
Since 1970, inflation adjusted public school spending has more than doubled. Over the same period, achievement of students at the end of high school has stagnated according to the Department of Education’s own long term National Assessment of Educational Progress [I encourage you to visit the website for the illuminating graph of inflation adjusted per-pupil spending and test scores vs. time] - https://mjperry.blogspot.com/2009/09/education-spending-doub...
https://www.heritage.org/education/report/the-myth-racial-di...
on average, both Black and Latinx total per pupil expenditures exceed White total per pupil expenditures by $229.53 and $126.15, respectively [total per-pupil funding is around $14k, so the differences are negligible] - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/23328584198724...
And the US spends more than average per pupil - more than Belgium, the Netherlands, Sweden, Germany, Finland, and Japan: https://nces.ed.gov/programs/coe/indicator/cmd
A study was conducted examining exactly this question. It turns out the bias is even worse: Not only are the 'wrong' questions unlikely to be asked, studies get rejected if they get the wrong results:
The authors also submitted different test studies to different peer-review boards. The methodology was identical, and the variable was that the purported findings either went for, or against, the liberal worldview (for example, one found evidence of discrimination against minority groups, and another found evidence of "reverse discrimination" against straight white males). Despite equal methodological strengths, the studies that went against the liberal worldview were criticized and rejected, and those that went with it were not. - https://theweek.com/articles/441474/how-academias-liberal-bi...
How much did college cost? How necessary was a college degree for success?
It's associated with the enemy in the culture war.
That a single company, in an unrelated market (ads), merely refusing to do business with you, can almost bankrupt you, means it's time for trust-busting. No single company should have such power.
You mean someone decided to take offense. It's literally equivalent to "Asian" in that it describes a geographic origin. And negro, as pointed out, was preferred by MLK himself, yet we're just supposed to believe it's offensive because that's what we're told.
What this is is a show of power, picking random words and deciding they're offensive, and making an example of anyone that doesn't dance to this tune.
I was worried for a moment about the security implications of using un-auditable black boxes running stacks of binary blobs, from the Intel/AMD management engines, through the firmware and BIOS, all the way up the stack to the closed-source foreign-made operating system.
But I see the Estonian government is on top of things. Democracy works best when voting takes as little thought and effort as ordering a pizza.
What they want and what union leadership wants may not be the same.
Other findings of that poll, if cns news is to be believed: By race, 81% of Whites, 53% of Blacks and 58% of other races at least somewhat agreed it’s alright to be white
https://www.cnsnews.com/blog/craig-bannister/poll-72-us-adul...
But if they use the original title and author, I expect the original work. Because that's literally what the title and author on a book cover mean - this work, as written and approved by this author, no different than the ingredients list on food. Anything else* is lying.
*Translations give the translator's name, and don't pretend they're the original. And editors probably should be credited, but at least in that case the edits are approved by the author.
For example, everyone knows the details of the Barbary, Arab, Ottoman, Caucasus, Saharan, and Andalusian slave trades, and countless movies were made showing how whites suffered under them, and their mythologized wars to end them. Some were even made showing Blacks' suffering under the Saharan slave trade, as it was politically useful for whites to demonize Arabs.
However, did you know Europe and its colonies also engaged in slavery? Before the US abolished slavery in 1865, 12 million Black slaves were shipped to the Americas. Mostly to South America, but some to North and the US as well. That may be less than the estimated 11-17 million the Saharan slave trade claimed, but it's hardly something we should ignore.
Of course the white people in charge aren't comfortable publishing this, so it has been relegated to the footnotes of history.
By now I'm used to Soviet union being ignored whenever convenient, but I've never seen it forgotten in the span of seven words.
> Censorship in the Soviet Union was pervasive and strictly enforced. [..] For instance, in the 1950 edition of The Ordeal of Sevastopol, censors made over three hundred cuts, screening the book's references to Frenchmen as "a people of very lively imagination", and the chivalrous treatments which the French gave to Russian prisoners—such as eating in the passenger's lounge and being given a hundred francs per month—were extracted from the text. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Censorship_in_the_Soviet_Union
> "Hitler didn't snub me – it was our president who snubbed me. The president didn't even send me a telegram." [..] In Germany, Owens had been allowed to travel with and stay in the same hotels as whites, at a time when African Americans in many parts of the United States had to stay in segregated hotels that accommodated only blacks. [..] After the parade, Owens was not permitted to enter through the main doors of the Waldorf Astoria New York and instead forced to travel up to the reception honoring him in a freight elevator. - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jesse_Owens#1936_Berlin_Summer...
> "An overwhelming majority [74-82%] of the men feel that negro and white soldiers should be separated both during and after training" - pg. 10, Attitudes of White Enlisted Men Towards Sharing Facilities With Negro Troops, US War Dept., 1942 - https://archive.org/details/us-war-department-final-race-won...
This is falsification.