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jfager

2,755 karma · joined October 3, 2009

http://jasonfager.com

In NYC, working on my own stuff right now. Shoot me an email if you ever want to grab a beer and talk shop (username at gmail).

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jfager··on Stop the Presses: Essay Shows That Hard Work Can Be Unpleasant
The unifying characteristic of the many specific biases and cognitive illusions Kahneman discusses is that System 2 systematically defers to System 1 to avoid doing work. I appreciate your point that Graham's specific claim is not substantiated by direct experimental evidence, but I think it's likely that the task of picking a business idea is subject to the same biases as any other task. It's certainly not as ludicrous a suggestion as you're making it out to be.
jfager··on Stop the Presses: Essay Shows That Hard Work Can Be Unpleasant
You should read Daniel Kahneman's Thinking, Fast and Slow, which says basically the same thing in thorough detail. The fact that you know of some number of difficult things that you've seen and considered says very little about whether there's a cognitive bias against doing so in general - how can you even start to quantify all the things that you may have missed?
jfager··on California State Senator Proposes Funding Open-Source Textbooks
ck12.org
jfager··on “The E-Reader, as we know it, is doomed”
Even with its many faults, you will claw my Kindle from my cold dead hand. I emphatically do not want an interactive color screen for reading books.
jfager··on Ask HN: Best book you read in 2011
Seconded. The last few chapters were unsatisfying to me, but overall a really fun read that does a good job of tying together a bunch of different threads of science around information theory.
jfager··on Stop Telling Women To Do Startups
Of all the things women are told on a day-in, day-out basis, "you should start a start-up" seems really low on the list in terms of both frequency and maliciousness.

It's also odd to simultaneously state that women are perfectly capable of making their own decisions, but it's somehow damaging to present them with another choice they can decide on. Why, exactly, do we need to protect women against the awful specter of another option in life?

jfager··on Think you understand Monty Hall? Try the Tuesday boy problem.
No, it doesn't make sense, because it doesn't apply here. We aren't estimating the count of anything. We know he has two kids, we know there are two genders, and we know there are seven days. All other relevant counts can be calculated directly from these, no estimation required.

I already showed the probability that we would receive the message the way we did, assuming we're sampling fathers with two children, and its pretty low. If we drop the sampling assumption, it would go even lower. But that's irrelevant to the actual question, because we've already won that lottery. I've also shown the probability that we would get the statement we got given that the father had at least one son born on a Tuesday, but again, we already won that lottery.

If you still insist, can you please stop talking in hand-wavy fake math and show some actual concrete numbers? To start, if each of the 27 possibilities are not equally likely, what are the actual probabilities and why?

jfager··on Think you understand Monty Hall? Try the Tuesday boy problem.
The probability that he would make that statement given what his children are is a different question than the probability that the other child is also a boy given that he made that statement. Your conditional probabilities are correct, but your conclusion about what they mean for the original question is flawed.

    N = Total number of ways to have 2 children over 7 days = 14^2 = 196
    B = Two sons born on Tuesday.
    O = Exactly one son born on Tuesday.
    A = At least one son born on Tuesday. 
    T = Two sons.
    S = The statement.
Priors:

    P(B) = 1/N = 1/196 = 0.005
    P(O) = 26/N = 26/196 = 0.133
    P(A) = P(B) + P(O) = 27/N = 27/196 = 0.138 
Your conditional probabilities:

    P(S|O) = .5  
    P(S|B) = 1  
An interesting number we can infer from your conditionals is the probability that a father selected at random would make the statement:

    P(S) = P(S|B)P(B) + P(S|O)P(O) = 1.0 * 0.005 + 0.5 * 0.133 = 0.0715 
But the question we asked about the other child already takes into account the fact that he did make that statement, meaning we're back to only caring about those 27 cases:

    P(B|S) = 1/27 = 0.037
    P(O|S) = 26/27 = 0.963
    P(A|S) = 27/27 = 1.0
    P(T|S) = 13/27 = .481 
Another interesting number we can infer from your conditionals is the probability that a father would make the statement given that at least one of his children was a boy born on Tuesday:

    P(S|A) = P(S|B)P(B|A) + P(S|O)P(O|A) = 1.0 * 0.037 + 0.5 * 0.963 = 0.519
If you still think this is incorrect, can you point to exactly which number is wrong and explain why?
jfager··on Think you understand Monty Hall? Try the Tuesday boy problem.
Having 2 each of BM, GM, etc. is implicitly labeling 1BM, 2BM, 1GM, 2GM, etc. If you sampled with replacement, you have to admit the possibility that you draw the same BT twice. It's a stretch to suggest that the statement is ambiguous in this way, as it would imply that the father could have the same child twice.
jfager··on Think you understand Monty Hall? Try the Tuesday boy problem.
You're making the exact mistake the author is cautioning against, which is assuming the day doesn't matter. Write out all the possibilities (see my other comment in this thread), eliminate the dupe, and you get 13/27.
jfager··on Think you understand Monty Hall? Try the Tuesday boy problem.
When in doubt, use brute force:

    1BT 2BM    1BM 2BT
    1BT 2BT    1BT 2BT <-- Counted twice
    1BT 2BW    1BW 2BT
    1BT 2BR    1BR 2BT
    1BT 2BF    1BF 2BT
    1BT 2BS    1BS 2BT
    1BT 2BU    1BU 2BT
    1BT 2GM    1GM 2BT
    1BT 2GT    1GT 2BT
    1BT 2GW    1GW 2BT
    1BT 2GR    1GR 2BT
    1BT 2GF    1GF 2BT
    1BT 2GS    1GS 2BT
    1BT 2GU    1GU 2BT
I think the issue people are having is that they want to distinguish between the two instances of '1BT 2BT', but it doesn't work like that. Let's say I numbered each of the possibilities written above 1 through 28. If I handed you a piece of paper with '1BT 2BT' written on it, could you tell me which number that corresponded to? No - it would be one of two numbers - so the numbering is additional information not given in the problem statement.
jfager··on Image Ad Blending Works Really, Really Well
I think the most jarring part of this ad is something that isn't patio11's fault: it's juxtaposed against an ad that completely stands out as an ad, which makes the 'blending' that much more 'blendy'. Without that other ad in the adjoining slot, I think the visual difference between patio11's ad and regular site content would be more stark, putting it at about the same shade of moral gray as a Google search ad.
jfager··on Scala Feels like EJB 2
You get typeclasses in Scala via an interaction between traits and implicits. See http://www.sidewayscoding.com/2011/01/introduction-to-type-c... for a super-quick overview and a link to a more comprehensive paper.
jfager··on Open Letter to Chancellor Linda P.B. Katehi (Chancellor of UC Davis)
That is crazy Orwellian. "We have an obligation to your parents to keep you safe, so we're going to beat you with batons and shoot pepper spray down your throats".
jfager··on Portable sunshine: Earbuds that shine light into your ears
They're also useful for facial expressions, which clearly have reproductive implications.
jfager··on Learn Emacs: Keyboard Macros
You should check out the EmacsWiki macro tricks page:

http://www.emacswiki.org/emacs/KeyboardMacrosTricks

From there:

    If you want to produce this list:

    test1
    test2
    test3
    ...

    Do like this:

    C-x r n q           (store the number 1 in register q)
    C-x (               (start macro recording)
    test C-x r i q      (insert contents of register q)
    C-x r + q           (increment register q by 1)
    RET                 (new line)
    C-x )               (stop macro recording)
jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
The fact that most business decisions are made by gut feeling implies that post-hoc pseudo-mathematical rationalization shouldn't be called out as bullshit?
jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
My point is that it's ridiculous to try to justify golden parachutes for bad CEOs using fake math, and the fact that the market bears these kinds of contracts isn't evidence on its own that they are good.
jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
Do you believe that everyone who becomes wealthy by definition must have created value? And that everyone who creates value by definition becomes wealthy?

If so, then yes, we hopelessly disagree.

If not, then you're agreeing that wealth can accumulate to some people who don't create value and/or can fail to accumulate to some people who do. I'd hope you would also agree that that's a problem, and that we'd be better off if we figured out how to fix it?

jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
You're just pretending you can calculate inherently incalculable probabilities. How do you determine the probability a company will fail under a variety of potential CEOs so that you could even get a mathematically-justifiable rank order? You can't run trials, you can't really extrapolate from past performance, you're subject to all kinds of confounding variables, you can't actually treat 'failure' as '$0 market cap', etc, etc, etc.

The best you could ever hope to do is "CEO candidates with this kind of background tend to have this kind of record when taking over this kind of company", which I'm sure is quite an illuminating sample.

jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
How exactly do you establish the %likelihood that a particular CEO will save your company to the degree of precision that you could actually meaningfully incorporate it into a business model?
jfager··on The Tyranny of Meritocracy
It's hard for me to think of another reasonable person I disagree with more frequently than Megan McArdle.

Other than pure envy, it's hard to see how I could somehow be made worse off if Bill Gates' income suddenly doubled, but everything else remained the same.

Nobody reasonable begrudges anyone who is wealthy for creating commensurate value. The issue is with wealth that accumulates to those who don't, like CEOs who run their companies into the ground or bankers who crash the entire economy.

If you're creating value, the wealth society has given you is probably a bargain for society; if you're not, it's an inefficient allocation of resources, a symptom of a systemic fault that hurts everyone else.

It's actually rather more worrying if what they're giving their children is a strong education and an absolutely ferocious work ethic. An aristocracy that simply bequeaths money and social position to its children will eventually fall. And aristocracy that bequeaths the actual skills required to earn more money than everyone else is self perpetuating.

Strong education + ferocious work ethic + skills to earn money seems like a weird definition of meritocracy to me, especially given that later in the article we acknowledge that this combo doesn't actually seem to be getting good results. A strong education does not necessarily imply you know how to apply it, and there's certainly a long history of people without that advantage succeeding. The dirty secret of working long hours is that much of it is either for show or spent doing shit work. And the 'actual skills' in question are still very frequently having the right connections.

Don't tell me it got hostage to the wrong ideology--tell me why all those professors we paid millions of dollars to study economics couldn't provide a convincing rebuttal to that ideology in advance of the crash. Don't tell me that regulators were stupid or bankers got greedy until you first explain to me why tens of thousands of very well educated people, most of them graduates of colleges and professional schools that had aggressively winnowed them based on intelligence, barely outperformed a bunch of upstart micks, third-generation coupon-clipping WASP dimwits, and central bankers who still worshipped the barbarous relic of the gold standard?

I... what?

jfager··on Crit-bit Trees: the best way to store sets
If you're looking for a jvm implementation, there are at least a couple:

https://github.com/rkapsi/patricia-trie https://github.com/jfager/functional-critbit

The latter is my own, with a focus on memory efficiency (by my benchmarks, it uses about 40% less space than patricia-trie for the same data set). Would love to get some extra eyes on it to figure out how to trim it further or speed it up.

jfager··on We’re not going to have a jobless recovery. We’re going to have a jobless future
Why are you bringing up GDP? The discussion is about employment. Okun's Law isn't actually a law, it's a historically observed relationship.
jfager··on We’re not going to have a jobless recovery. We’re going to have a jobless future
One possibility is that previous technological advancements facilitated dispersion of labor, while the current crop facilitates the concentration of it.

Advances in ocean-faring ships led to colonialism. Train travel led to a rapid westward expansion of the United States. New farms get established, and new towns crop up to serve them, needing homes and markets to be built, a local newspaper, a local grocer, a local bank, eventually local radio and television stations. Similar basic economic structures get replicated in many diverse geographic locations. Once one place gets saturated, people move and start up another franchise of the town model.

Skipping ahead fifty years or so, the web means I don't have as great a need for the local bookstore, the local newspaper, the local television or radio station, the local bank, etc. There are plenty of businesses that I still need locally, but they in turn don't have as great a need for the local advertising agency, the local newspaper's classifieds section, the local accountant, the local lawyer, the local travel agent - assuming there's still a local owner, with a local HR department, local management structure, etc.

Of the startups you see, how many are going to end up with a business whose operations need to be replicated in many geographic locations? How many are ever going to be more than an office in the Valley or NYC and maybe a few sales outposts? How many pitches are you getting that require large marginal outlays on labor in order to scale, and how would that requirement affect your investment decision?

jfager··on Ad Innovation Conference, September 14 at YC
A free 3-hour conference at YC headquarters? How many microseconds after this was announced did it take to fill up?
jfager··on Aaronsw indicted for hacking MIT network to download millions of JSTOR docs
It's outright sociopathic to suggest that justice for a few weeks inconvenience is 35 years in prison and a million dollar fine.
jfager··on XKCD's Randall Munroe on Google+ requiring your gender to be public
Advertising uses this not because it is "sexualized", but because men will buy toxic waste by the barrel if you draw nice titties on it.

This statement makes no sense. Associating sex with non-sexual things is the definition of sexualization.

And I know why advertisers do it, it's not rocket surgery to figure it out. Their motivation doesn't change the fact that the action itself objectifies and degrades women (and to a lesser extent, men).

Watch an advertiser sell SUVs to women: they have a big, hulking, strong look and are advertised as serving and protecting the kids. That is the masculine face of advertising.

You quote me stating that men are sexualized, and respond by explaining how men are sexualized? What's your point?

jfager··on XKCD's Randall Munroe on Google+ requiring your gender to be public
You seem to be suggesting that our culture can't be described as objectifying women unless all or most men are assholes to women in bars or engage in similar behavior, and in your other comments, unless such behavior happens exclusively to women.

Which is absurd. As others have pointed out, if even 10% or 1% of men behave this way, it creates a hostile environment. If 1 out of every 100 random people you encounter punch you in the arm, you wouldn't think of arm-punching as an unfortunate part of the culture? (If you don't like getting punched in the arm, maybe you shouldn't go out wearing those kinds of sleeves.)

And objectification is not limited to inappropriate behavior in bars and the like. Constant sexualization and stereotyping in advertising and other media create social expectations that many people aren't comfortable with. Yes, men are sexualized as well, but not to anywhere near the same degree, and usually in a different way (for instance, it's still pretty rare to be confronted with sexualized images of men that suggest submissiveness or vulnerability, but those characteristics are very common in images of women).

jfager··on This is why memory fragmentation is bad
That's a terribly depressing thread towards the end.
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