I'll leave the tax plan aside to respond to this. As slow and creaky as the world is, when a government as powerful as the United States aggressively puts forth a vision for the world the systems of the world bend to make it work.
Remember also that the vast majority of logistical challenges with climate change aren't developing new products, but handling coordination problems around deploying existing ones.
Things that might happen if America decided to commit seriously to a Green New Deal:
- automotive roadmap overhaul to 80% electric drivetrain for all deliveries in the United States by 2030
- tectonic shift in land use around the country to higher density zoning, mass transit, HSR
- hundreds of billions of dollars of research to public and private institutions to map all the carbon in our system and the most effective ways to remove it
But these are all giant changes. Here are simple ones that are straight up applications of government power:
- switch all major urban areas to Tokyo style zoning with property taxes tied to mass transit investment
- steep cliff on ICE vehicles delivered in the United States hitting some x00% in 2030
- end all fossil fuel subsidies
- move all energy supply to a Texas style market
Emergent properties of human behavior responding to incentives would take care of the rest.