There are a couple approaches.

One involves using a YAG laser to burn the floaters:

http://www.eyefloaters.com/index.php?option=com_content&task...

Sadly, it's done rarely enough that it could be snake oil or in-progress research.

A full vitrectomy is possible (replace the vitreous humour fluid in the eye):

http://www.allaboutvision.com/conditions/vitreoretinal-proce...

But this is dangerous enough that it's almost never performed simply for floaters.