"Manufacturers are secretive, but analysts say a lithium-ion battery pack costs an average of roughly $500 per kilowatt-hour"
This can not be true. Tesla will sell a 10kWhr pack for $3500 retail, which is $350.
Nissan will sell me a replacement 24kWhr pack for my LEAF for $5500, or $229. Are they losing money on it? Maybe, but I doubt they are losing THAT much.