"PhD by publication" is a specific thing, it's in italics in the previous post.
My Universities offer a "PhD by publication". You basically staple together a bunch of your publications, and write a brief intro. It saves you writing a full PhD document. But, the standard on those publications is quite high -- you certainly wouldn't get one from preprints to arxiv at any University I've ever worked at.
Of course, you can get a PhD with no publications, just write a good PhD. Lots of students do taht.