It's interesting how often the author mentions "wasting time" as in "The gamers assign meaning to wasted time by viewing it as an end in itself to which other means are directed..." Decades ago baseball was called America's favorite pastime. I think if you talk to a gamer, they wouldn't say they were wasting time but would agree to passing time. As a retiree that often just sits on the patio and watches the wildlife, I take some offense to the idea that I'm wasting time.