Has Colorado actually enforced the law?

The major difference with the NY law is that NY is actually expected to enforce it. That being said, the law is deliberately expected to be leniently enforced, starting with warnings, and only after the warning has been issued will fines be enforced.

Also, another big difference is that other major states (CA & WA I believe) are expected to enact similar laws in 2023, so most US companies are pretty much switching over to displaying salary ranges by default nationally.