The situation is a little better compared to Windows, but it's not perfect.

I always disable telemetry, but iphonesubmissions.apple.com:443, radarsubmissions.apple.com:443 and securemetrics.apple.com:443 are still contacted.

People messing with ocsp.apple.com:80 (https://github.com/StevenBlack/hosts/issues/1460) also need to be aware of ocsp2.apple.com:443.

The iAdSDK setting is somewhat respected, but all the Siri subdomains are pinged even if Siri is turned off.

Apple devices still phone home constantly with things that amount to telemetry when you use them, even with analytics disabled.

Opening the App Store app, for example, sends your hardware serial number. Macs and iOS both maintain hardware-serial-linked 24/7 connections to Apple's push servers, too.

There aren't opt out UI settings available for the majority of Apple's phone-home.