I haven't visited the US or transited through a US airport but again anecdotally I've heard this happens there too (even in transit).
Jan 2004: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3875747/ns/us_news-security/t/us-b...
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/other-vi...
Except for US citizens and Canadians. Interestingly, Canada is the only country exempt from the US fingerprinting requirement, at least for tourism or business entry.
(Incidentally, my own government doesn't even have any of my fingerprints...)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100108102201/http://www.nrc.nl...
There isn't the concept of international transit in the US. You have to "fully" enter the country as there aren't separate international terminals with passport checking and whatnot.
There's a short stay transit visa if you are just using the US as a connection point, though.