I don't think you can refuse a fingerprint check. But if one can somehow make their fingerprints unreadable, through one way or another, you probably could bypass it.
One of my coworker is notoriously hard to fingerprint scan. Her fingerprints are allegedly busted up due to all the hand washing she'd done in her previous line of work. So maybe it can be bypassed somehow.
It's nothing the Chinese are exceptional at.
Absurd if true.
The entire form starts with copy that goes something like "by filling out this form you waive any right to privacy". It's extremely aggressive. The US hates foreigners.
(source: my first and only trip to the US some 3 years ago)
Furthermore, it isn't only illegal things thst could get you singled out. If I remember correctly, a simple facebook post accusing the US to be war criminals and the greatest threat to peace was used to deny someone entry.
(On mobile atm. will update with sources in 4 hours)
Is there a problem with the fingerprinting requirement? I imagine the face scan can be used in much more dystopian ways, as your face is probably* being tracked by the ubiquitous security cameras in every public place you go.
* If not now, then soon.
Then in 2018 I took a train from HK to Shenzhen and they indeed took all 10.
I haven't visited the US or transited through a US airport but again anecdotally I've heard this happens there too (even in transit).
(Incidentally, my own government doesn't even have any of my fingerprints...)
https://web.archive.org/web/20100108102201/http://www.nrc.nl...
Jan 2004: http://www.nbcnews.com/id/3875747/ns/us_news-security/t/us-b...
https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/other-vi...
Except for US citizens and Canadians. Interestingly, Canada is the only country exempt from the US fingerprinting requirement, at least for tourism or business entry.
There isn't the concept of international transit in the US. You have to "fully" enter the country as there aren't separate international terminals with passport checking and whatnot.
There's a short stay transit visa if you are just using the US as a connection point, though.