The coca reduction that's actually happening is based on replacing coca growing with other forms of agriculture in cooperation with the farmers.
Coca leaf is unlikely to be eliminated entirely as it's an effective traditional medication for dealing with altitude sickness (much of Bolivia is at high altitude, including La Paz at 13400ft). So again Bolivians are never going to support its 100% eradication.
The exported product is purified cocaine hydrochloride, not the leaf.
My experiences traveling through the region have convinced me that attempts to eradicate the coca plant and practice of chewing coca leaves are fundamentally misguided and unethical.
Cocaine is problem primarily in the advanced capitalist economies and it is solely within these nations where those problems can be solved... though it's obvious to anyone who is being intellectually honest that the strategies of the DEA and the drug war are abysmal failures and so must be either substantially reformed or abandoned altogether.
Travel through the poor neighbourhoods Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Argentina, Brazil etc and say cocaine (or by-products of the cocaine process) are not a problem.
>and it is solely within these nations where those problems can be solved
The only solution is legalisation of all drugs. Producter countries such as Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Laos, Burma will have billions added to the government funds to help lift 1000s if not millions of people out of poverty. Transport countries such as El Salavador, Honduras, Mexico will cut of instantly 99% of profits to the drug gangs. Users will stop dying from tainted products, or using "research chemicals" instead of the real thing.
Negatives? from what has been seen in Holland and the decriminalisation of cannabis and Portagal, none
I can't imagine that the grounding of the President's plane under suspicions of housing Snowden warmed him up, either.
Further reading:
[1] - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93United_States_...
[2] - http://content.time.com/time/world/article/0,8599,1856153,00...
[3] - http://www.cepr.net/blogs/the-americas-blog/remember-when-ve...
According to [1]:
“It’s not only about making money off a crop. In the old fashioned alternative development approach, we substitute one illicit crop for a licit crop. It’s about a more comprehensive approach that includes access to essential services like schools, hospitals, and roads in areas that traditionally have been hard to reach,”
and another citation, from the original UN report press release [2]:
"the importance of comprehensive, participative and long-term development programmes, as essential elements to ensure a sustained reduction of illicit crops."
I am by far an expert in this area, but I think kicking out the DEA allowed Bolivia to shift efforts from violent, top down (US orchestrated) repression to:
* Giving farmers incentives to shift to other crops: do not let coca be the only way of sustaining the farmers family
* Still allow coca growing for traditional usage (chewed, in tea, or as a natural analgesic)
* Bottom up: work together with coca unions and farmers to understand the incentives that drive farmers to chose coca in the first place
* Probably many more things I am not aware of
[1] http://theantimedia.org/cocaine-production-plummets-after-de...
[2] http://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/frontpage/2015/August/2014-bol...
edit: layout fixes
I'd imagine that this story is being spun a bit - satellite imagery isn't the most accurate for crop identification over such large areas of land (biased source: myself, a satellite imagery analyst for 5 years), plus Latin American countries are constantly, for obvious reasons, trying to distance themselves from powers such as the US which often associated with colonialism and oppression.
TL;DR: This is a puff PR piece exaggerating the efficiency of the Bolivian Gov.
"Coca is not cocaine" is a long movement that started way before the current government, a movement that for many years introduces changes with several social movements involved, one of them the most active make a president.
Giving credit to a foreign ONG/Foundation/Institute/60' minded Guys the image of an whole country, is not that pretentious?
And those are just the benefits.