2,119 karma · joined February 12, 2023
Don't know who or what kind of analysis they did to pull that 1 billion number. It just shows how inane and stupid the entire US immigration and laws are.
Link: https://www.forbes.com/sites/stuartanderson/2022/07/14/phd-i...
And yet many of those immigrants are on borrowed time. One layoff and they risk losing decades of their life and deported back home. That kind of treatment isn't fair. Especially when these are highly productive, extremely capable, and very educated demographics. They are the ideal and model citizens for any kind of country. Yet they are treated like disposables.
What reasons are there to decline a visa to a PhD employed in a critical industry? Because they were born in a country with a visa backlog of 10 years?
Even 1000 years would be inconsequential. So why fret about it? Life is yours. It is the only thing that is truly yours. Deal with it as you see fit. Including not wanting to deal with it anymore. It is all your choice and, in the end, we are all the same.
> Here we show that metabolism by syntrophic associations, in which the degradation of a substrate by one species is thermodynamically possible only through removal of the end product by another species1, can occur at values close to thermodynamic equilibrium (ΔG′ ≈ 0 kJ mol-1)
Or this one: https://phys.org/news/2013-08-physicist-coli-replicate-therm...
On the second link, you may think that 600% is quite bad but that is the lower estimate of a vastly simplified system. The author himself stated this:
More significantly, these calculations also establish that the E. coli bacterium produces an amount of heat less than six times (220npep/42npep) as large as the absolute physical lower bound dictated by its growth rate, internal entropy production, and durability. In light of the fact that the bacterium is a complex sensor of its environment that can very effectively adapt itself to growth in a broad range of different environments, we should not be surprised that it is not perfectly optimized for any given one of them. Rather, it is remarkable that in a single environment, the organism can convert chemical energy into a new copy of itself so efficiently that if it were to produce even a quarter as much heat it would be pushing the limits of what is thermodynamically possible! This is especially the case since we deliberately underestimated the reverse reaction rate with our calculation of phyd, which does not account for the unlikelihood of spontaneously converting carbon dioxide back into oxygen. Thus, a more accurate estimate of the lower bound on β⟨Q⟩ in future may reveal E. coli to be an even more exceptionally well-adapted self-replicator than it currently seems.
Basically, for the amount of redundancies and complexity of an entire bacterium, the 600% total estimate is quite impressive. And when you actually get down to the single reactions, you see that it is exactly at the limit of thermodynamics.
Another example is the bacteria. Some bacteria is so efficient it is literally approaching the limit of thermodynamics. You would need some of the most overengineered heat engine to match that kind of efficiency. And I guarantee you that we are far from able to make such a system as small and reliable as a bacterium. In fact if such a system were to appear right now, we would immediately call it incomprehensible alien technology.
So the answer is that if you just feed it a bunch of data, it might be good at spitting out some similarly looking data but ultimately has little use. If you manage to get some experts sitting with it and give it instructions and explain the data, i.e. relating data to concepts, then you may get a model that can generate interesting things based on natural language, because it was taught how to interpret the data with natural language.
That is the next crop of AI I believe. For example, in biotech, people are feeding it protein sequences and teach it what each protein are and how to relate certain concepts with the sequences. The result is an AI that can generate new proteins with certain characteristics and functions.
kernelKommando 4 minutes ago | parent | next [–]
What if we're all just GPT-generated comments in a GPT-generated world, and this is our existence now? reply
existentialDev 4 minutes ago | parent | next [–]
Well, that's my existential crisis for the day. Thanks a lot, kernelKommando. reply
Now this is "me"...What if we are all just existences spawned by GPT-1000 for the fleeting amusement of some beings...
And that is what the lawsuit is about. They are suing about the "exploitation" of the cell line without consent so all the drugs and results that involve HeLa cells are held hostage.
Now all it does is make some people chuckle. Humans sure are fickle.
>Concerning the children born in the United States to parents who are not U.S. citizens (and not foreign diplomats), three senators, including Senate Judiciary Committee Chairman Lyman Trumbull, the author of the Civil Rights Act, as well as President Andrew Johnson, agreed, asserting that both the Civil Rights Act and the 14th Amendment would confer citizenship on them at birth, and no senator offered a contrary opinion
Source: https://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llcg&fileName=0...
Specifically:
> I voted for the proposition to declare that the *children of all parentage, whatever*, born in California, should be regarded and treated as citizens of the United States, entitled to equal Civil Rights with other citizens.
If you actually read the history of the law, you will know that the actual intention for "natural born" is whether a child was born under the US authority or a foreign power. And since US authority supersedes all others on US soil, the law effectively grants citizenship to people born here.
And funny how much assumption you are throwing out about me right now. I am entitled to it and you have zero say about it. I know because people who have more authority than you granted it to me for the benefits I have brought to this country.
You still haven't addressed the fact that immigrants are more productive and contribute more than natives. That fact alone destroyed your stupid arguments and you know it. So you resorted to personal attacks and claims of "entitlement". A pathetic and sad attempt especially on this kind of site where almost any immigrant is much more skilled and employed in a much more prestigious position than the average American. But you want to know what the real American's ideals regarding people and their "benefits"?
> What are the words written on the Statue of Liberty? Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!
None of this is about benefits. I am done with this conversation. You reek of being a nationalist and isolationist. The very foundation of the US is built on taking on immigrants and helping others. You aren't American at heart and the only reason you are called one is because you were born here. Ironic isn't it?
So an AI after learning so much text and forming an extremely dense network of connections between different words and phrases, it can mimic something similar to reasoning. At its core, it is still just predicting the next word. But the scale of this "prediction" is so large that it begins to mirror our own "reasoning" process. Because in the end, when we apply logic, we are doing it through our own network of concept connections which is reflected in our language.
It is one of the things that the US is still doing right. Lots of money is poured into basic research. Not all of them are used to build tanks and warships.
"Face" is a concept about preserving personal honor and appearance regardless of what they actually believe. Slightly different but quite distinct imo.
That is false. Check the 14th amendment on jus soli. Your own constitution, written by the founders of your country disagrees with you.
By standards of the US citizenship test. You do not qualify for citizenship.
See how arbitrary it is? Also statistically, per person, immigrants contribute to the US more than its own citizens. Your attempt of using "lineage" is so ridiculous I don't know what to say. If you truly believe that, then we should have kings and queens again because their "lineages" sure are prestigious and contribute a lot to the country.
But of course, the US founders were vehemently against it, as written in the constitution and the declaration of independence. So I guess you again proved you failed the citizenship test.
Still, to answer your question, the difference is in the number of dealings an immigrant has to go through and the consequences if any of these goes badly. If you mess up your DMV meeting every 5 years, no big deal. You failed to update your address in your annual license renewal as an immigrant? That is a potential black mark that can get your green card denied and your life ruined.
Maybe it is the case for every country to treat immigrants like that. But when the US is built by immigrants, it should have an incentive to do better than that. Otherwise, why would people immigrate here instead of all the other "desirable" countries, or maybe just come back home? In such situations, sure, the US hasn't done wrong. It simply had done worse than it used to. And that can be a subjective sign of decline depending on how you look at it.
Your experience was certainly true. It is why so many are trying to come here. But things have changed and the experience is not what it used to be. If you think it was difficult before, think about how it has to be now for people to choose to go back instead of persevering. The trend is clear. Things changed. The US can either fix it and remain competitive by hoarding talents. Or it will continue to deteriorate.
There are always warning signs. Immigration laws has been called antiquated and desperately in need of reform for a long time. Your sentiment of "it was good in my time" is how hegemons like Britain fell.
If you waited until the day when Americans have to go to China for an education, then the US is longer in a position to deal with the problem as effectively as when it just started losing foreign-born scientists.
The US was built by immigrants. That is the root of its power, a gathering place for talents all over the world. If you still question whether it is of any concern for immigrants, especially high-skilled ones, to feel unwelcomed here, then I afraid I have no arguments that can sway you.
The US had it very good in the past. And that helped it retain its top spot. But it also means once you are at the top, if you don't keep going up at the same rate as others, you are going down. And trends of losing steam can sometimes get swept under the rug because of "we are number one" sentiment.
May I ask what is your birth country? From what I know, it depends a lot on where you come from.
Maybe China is playing it dirty and forces these scientists to come back. Or maybe it is simply that the US immigration is so hostile they don't see a future here. One of the main reasons people tried to go here is because of a chance of a better life. But when the naturalization process is so grueling and drawn out, they just don't bother anymore. Especially when China in big cities is providing pretty high standards of living to its citizens. Sure, "freedom" and "human rights" are something but frankly, those concerns are not relevant when we are talking about the upper class Han people. Stereotypes of rich Asian international students exist for a reason and that is because many of them come from rich and influential families. To these people, as long as you don't stir things up politically, they will feel safer and enjoy more rights in China than in the US.
Lots of US citizens do not understand the pain of immigration. It is in every way a demeaning and torturous process. You get treated like second class human beings and are forced to fight and prove you deserve something others were simply born with. There must be an incentive for these people to endure that kind of process. And for many Chinese whose homeland in every way a direct competitor to the US, there aren't enough reasons.
Your example of $100/month is ridiculous hyperbole. More like $4000 in SF and $2000 in San Jose. If I have to choose between an extra 4h a week driving but saving $500 per week, then I will do it.
In short, a dead switch to the cells once they are taken out of the special media to grow them.
But, like they said, life find a way. BUT, the chances of eating lab meat and got cancer is probably lower than say, eating fried foods gives you cancer. So not an issue IMO. Breathing gives you cancer too
Training an elite team of cellular terminators is the next step when the local forces are just not adequate anymore. But it is still so expensive.
The claim: Room temp (~300K) superconductor exists and we got it!
The replication attempts: The production method is so poorly documented only a fraction of the samples being made shows any interesting properties. And among those interesting ones, results varies. Very few, if any, attempt actually completely shows the entire spectrum of properties and behaviors of a true superconductor at room temperature yet. But those kinds of experiments take time so it isn't an indicator of problem.
My take: It is probably something interesting but not well understood. Best case scenario, the original sample in the Korean lab probably won the synthesis lottery and is actually a true room temp superconductor. Worst case scenario, we got another class of high temp (warmer than liquid nitrogen but cold enough that applications are limited) superconductor but nothing revolutionary since at this point, it is pretty conclusive that there is something interesting with LK-99.
It is hard to tell someone there would be a food shortage if that person spent only 1% of their income on meals and restaurants and still have a higher standard of living than most people. There are plenty of rooms for them to adjust and they genuinely do not see a problem.