* Grant applications and future work sections excluded :)
367 karma · joined October 18, 2007
* Grant applications and future work sections excluded :)
Possibly, I don't know. Mostly this is just my understanding from talking to peers in the social sciences and asking why they don't have open access like my field.
I think the problem there though, is knowing what questions to ask (what data to collect) is the hardest part, but fits much more in line with the analysis aspect (ie forming a hypothesis) than collection (conducting a designed experiment). So an ideal researcher would show good work in both areas, not just one.
And then, after data is collected, they begin analyzing it and seeing what are the interesting patterns in the data. And this takes a lot of time, and often you just want to show one thing at a time. In the current environment of publish-or-perish, and grant providers asking what you've done with their money, you might want to take that data you worked so hard to obtain, and milk quite a few publications out of it. If you openly release the data, then others can easily find interesting patterns in your data before you can, beating you to publication, and diminishing your track record for future grants, tenure, etc.
So your point is extremely valid. But the counter point of why open data isn't feasible is, if a researcher does all the hard legwork necessary to get to the interesting analysis stage, why shouldn't they reap the rewards of their hard work (namely, publications and recognition).
A few things have been proposed: verification projects (one particular other research group gains access to your data and verifies your results, but is not allowed to use the data otherwise), and grace periods (you have to release your data 3 years after a study or something, giving you time to milk out publications, but still allowing for general verification later).
Generally speaking, true scientific verification should also involve the complete recollection of the data. But when data collection is extremely expensive, this is typically infeasible.
[I work in a field that's almost all open access, and research data is almost always available upon request. So I agree with you. But data is typically incredibly cheap in my field, so the problem above doesn't really apply.]
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1404.3840v1.pdf
If you read it carefully, there's a caveat about how this particular dataset (recognition of /cropped/ pictures of /unfamiliar/ persons) has relatively low human accuracy (97.5% as opposed to 99.2%), because humans also use other features. That is, there's more work to be done, and facial recognition isn't a "solved" problem yet.
All the same, very impressive work. Congratulations to the authors on achieving such an important milestone.
I'm guessing he intentionally underspecified for his audience, and if asked, could tell you in excruciating detail what 1% error means.
But skimming the patent [1], it seems that there's sometimes an error in a mathematical operation, measured as the computed value minus the expected value. The result doesn't seem surprising if you read how he defined addition in his hardware.
Presumably it goes Top AI -> Successful and wealthy -> has vacation home in quiet, rural area.
The author seems to paint it as Top AI -> has a rogue AI bunker
The NYSE mandates that business clocks never drift more than 1s from the atomic clock [1]. What is the resolution guaranteed between the two clocks being compared? After all, it's impossible to guarantee perfect synchronization of two clocks at any distance (bounded by the speed of light and the drift rate of the clocks) [2].
The only retort I can think of is why do the other players react at the proper time.
[1] http://www.nyse.com/nysenotices/nyse/rule-changes/detail;jse...
[2] Cristian, F. (1989), "Probabilistic clock synchronization", Distributed Computing (Springer) 3 (3): 146–158
[EDIT: I had some other criticisms that were incorrect and overly harsh anyway. I've removed them.]
The thing is though, summarizing news articles is best done by just reading the first paragraph of the article. News articles are intentionally written this way, and it's a very difficult baseline to beat in automatic summarization.
Still nice site though.
But it's not QUITE a true lexicon, as it handles Out-Of-Vocabulary words quite strangely. If you use as input text:
"PR-Experts, politicians, ad writers or scientists need to be strong here! BlaBlaMeter unmasks without mercy how much bullshit hides in any text. A useful tool for everyone involved in writing! Simply copy your text into the white field and check your writing style. It works with english text up to 15.000 characters (overhead will be cut off). For a meaningful result we recommend a minimum length of 5 sentences."
Then you get 0.16. If you replace the last word 'sentences' with 'strategy' you go up to 0.44. However, if you change the last word to 'sentstrategyences' you get 0.47. Try it: you can basically insert 'strategy' inside ANY word and really raise your score. Actually, if you just insert "strateg" anywhere inside the text, it goes up massively.
So I actually think it's just doing string search counts over a lexicon.
But I'm starting to think a rule-based lexicon isn't out of the question, given these >1 scores on some texts.
- It uses a unigram language model. You can take the same text, randomly permute the words, and you get the same score. This means it also can't be using things like POS tagging, phrases, etc.
- It normalizes words by making all letters lowercase. The exact same text in all upper case has the same score.
- The score is eventually normalized by the length of the text. The same text copied multiple times gets the same score.
- It does not form a valid probability distribution, as someone's managed to get some 1.16's. This makes me believe it's not a Naive Bayes classifier giving you the P(Bullshit|Text). Though this is what I originally thought it would be.
Short answer: it throws a syntax error otherwise.
Long answer: I don't know.
And while they will probably save massively on the electricity bill and carbon emissions for this, it's not like energy is prohibitively expensive here in Texas...
The general rule is always "times 2, add 3 zeros" to do it in your head.
(For the record, I do understand this article explores a different mathematical aspect of Escher than Hofstadter)
Very fun, very creative. Abuse is most definitely the correct word.
IMHO, it's hard to say what is the natural successor to Prolog. For all that it shares with Lisp, it definitely has never shared even a fraction of the popularity. They have two entirely different approaches and purposes though, so this isn't terribly surprising. Even if someone does create a new Prolog ala Clojure, it would probably still remain in academia.
I think a better question to ask is what direction is declarative programming headed in? Prolog is just one language in this field, as are some of the Prolog-alternatives listed by the OP. Remembering that SQL is also a declarative programming language, I believe that declarative languages are far from dead; it's a common paradigm, just not one we hear a lot of buzz about.
So all this said, it may be that Prolog doesn't necessarily need a successor. It does it's job well, but logic-based declarative languages are inherently too specialized to expect anything causing a surge of popularity.
One interesting variant of declarative programming is called Answer Set Programming. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Answer_set_programming). It's particularly good at modeling and solving NP-hard search problems, usually has Prolog-esque syntax, but does well on programs where Prolog would infinite loop (e.g. p :- not q. q :- not p.). As a disclaimer, I'm just beginning research in ASP. :)
I hope you're also storing timestamps with the submissions. Just guessing, but I'd bet any predictions made on 04/30 will correlate much better than those made today.