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sitharus

4,271 karma · joined October 3, 2011

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sitharus··on Record-breaking neutrino is most energetic ever detected
UK 240V with 13A sockets, 3120W. Sounds like Lidl are rounding up.
sitharus··on I tasted Honda’s spicy rodent-repelling tape and I will do it again (2021)
Capsaicin binds to TRPV1 receptors, which are mammal-specific. Other animals have different proteins in this role and birds in particular are not sensitive to it. Also TVRP1 is only triggered by temperatures over 43°C, lower temperatures are sensed by other proteins.

Capsaicin isn’t just effective on mammals, it also has an effect on some fungi and insects, though mostly through metabolic disruption.

sitharus··on Mac(OS)talgia
SIP is wonderful. I no longer have to completely repave machines after my family install crapware because I know it can't mess with the base system.

But for those of us who need that access we can disable it, with a bit of a dance to make it hard for people who _don't_ need it.

sitharus··on Why is zero plural? (2024)
The answer is that’s just the way English is. Exactly 1 is singular, everything else is plural (mostly).

“On accident” is American English, as a British English speaker I’d consider it a grammatical mistake. The same goes with “I forgot it at home” and similar constructs. However they’re correct American English.

sitharus··on IsMyXFeedFucked – Analyze How Your X Feed's Impacting You
Yep, it absolutely does. YouTube would be unusable without it for me
sitharus··on Qantas South Africa flights delayed by falling debris from SpaceX rockets
Yes they’ll use more fuel than running on all engines. They always load the extra fuel that would be required for the maximum flight time with an engine out.

The extra fuel burn is due to the drag from pushing a non-working engine through the air, and from the rudder deflection to counteract the unequal thrust. It’s less of an issue on a four engine aircraft with a single engine out as they can increase thrust on the remaining engine on the side with the engine out.

Extra fuel burn is also required because a twin engine aircraft with an engine out can’t maintain the normal cruising altitude, and the higher you are the more efficient the engines are.

Thrust can’t be reduced much to save fuel because the speed margins at altitude are quite narrow - if they reduce thrust and therefore airspeed they’ll descend.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
It was too long since I’d posted and I couldn’t edit it, otherwise I would have.
sitharus··on SQL nulls are weird
This is where the foundation of a relational database semantics in set theory shows through. You can’t model the behaviour with pure boolean logic.

In the SQL spec by default unique indexes consider nulls distinct because you’re adding tuple to the relation, and this is done by equality.

When doing a select distinct or group by you’re not doing a boolean grouping, you’re doing a set projection. NULLs are considered part of the set of “unknown values”, so NULLs are grouped together but they’re still not equal to each other.

The behaviour is mathematically well defined, but it doesn’t match boolean logic.

I’ve been dealing with databases for well over 20 years now and I can only think of a couple of times when this behaviour wasn’t wanted, so I think it’s the right choice.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
I did say _most_ for a reason :) Neither pronunciation is universal, but Commonwealth English speakers (except Canada which uses both) normally pronounce the l, American English speakers don’t. Other English varieties vary.
sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Flux in flux cored solder is rosin, rosin is distilled from pine sap and is a permitted food additive. It’s as a glaze on chewing gum and pharmaceuticals.

Rosin is also used on violin bows to increase friction, and it’s the white powder you’ll see gymnasts and baseball pitchers apply to their hands to improve grip.

Rosin vapour is a lung irritant, so avoid breathing it by using a fume extractor, and for some people it can cause contact dermatitis.

Yes it’s horribly sticky, that’s the worst part about it really. Isopropyl alcohol will dissolve it.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
It’s the same as applying flux separately, the flux is displaced by the metal.

If you’re applying fluxed solder directly there’s not much point applying separate flux to clean metal. Of course the flux will boil off pretty quickly so you need to use extra if you’re doing something where the solder wire doesn’t directly touch the components, or if the metal is old or previously soldered.

The only advantage to non-fluxed solder for most hobbyists is being able to choose your flux, but for most of us rosin is fine and fairly non-toxic.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
That is indeed a typo, it's supposed to be 400°C.
sitharus··on SQL nulls are weird
This is confusing when you know that NULLs are not comparable, but it makes some sense if you consider the result of distinct/union as the output of a GROUP BY. You can consider everything that's NULL to be part of the same group, all the values are unknown.

So NULLs are not comparable but they are part of the same set.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Good point, I totally forgot that because cleaning my workbench and hand washing after work is just second nature to me now.

Metallic lead is dangerous if inhaled or ingested, but not a big concern for momentary contact with your skin as metal, especially given most modern solder is only 40% lead.

Your body will remove a small amount of lead, so hobby soldering is unlikely to cause long term problems.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
It really depends on the flux, even modern fluxes have a range of toxicity. The only way to know is to check the MSDS.

I use Канифоль/rosin flux as well and use a fume extractor. Rosin flux is the most common for flux-cored solder in my experience.

But a few times a year is unlikely to be an issue, soldering health effects are in people who do it for work.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Correct, but all materials have a vapour pressure so there will be a very small amount of lead vapour when soldering. Based on lead’s vapour pressure it’s in the range of a few atoms, I haven’t done the math though.

I mentioned it for completeness because someone else would if I didn’t.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Soldering makes a metal-metal connection, with the flux ensuring oxides are removed. This makes a very low resistance connection, mechanically it’s very strong, and it’s easy to automate. As a bonus it’s also very easy to undo.

Other technologies like glues and crimping have their uses but are less reliable, higher resistance, or difficult to automate.

This may change but there’s little demand. Glues have lower conductivity and are harder to remove, mechanical connectors are bulky and not as strong.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Sodder is the common American pronunciation, most of the rest of the world says solder.
sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Yes that’s accurate for hobbyist work. There will be some lead vapour, but at the temperatures used for soldering we’re talking a few atoms. The flux is much more of a risk, and both are mitigated with proper fume extraction.

Lead does bioaccumulate so continual exposure to low levels is dangerous, but unless you’re soldering all day every day it’s not likely to be dangerous.

If you’re a factory and have multiple wave soldering baths operating it’s a different story.

sitharus··on Soldering the Tek way
Leaded solder is not a big health risk for hobbyists as long as you have proper fume extraction. Metallic lead is poorly absorbed through the skin (it _is_ absorbed from what I can find, but very very slowly), the major risk is from lead vapour and at normal soldering temperatures that’s very minimal.

However, lead free tin-silver-copper (SAC) solder is fairly easy to work with. You need a hotter soldering iron at around 300°C, and if soldering PCBs preheating the board to 80-100°C may be needed for good results. It may also take a bit longer for the solder to propagate flow and wet, since the surface needs to be hotter.

If you’re using additional flux or non-fluxed solder you’ll need to check it for compatibility, that should be on the data sheet. Most fluxes are fine, but I’ve seen a couple that say not to use with some lead free solder formulations.

The main downside to SAC lead free solder is the higher temperature required which can overheat some components, particularly capacitors and ICs in my experience. It’s a case of being careful to keep the heat duration as short as possible.

Personally I went back to lead solder and manage my exposure with ventilation and HEPA filters.

sitharus··on Who killed the rave?
There’s an unspoken phrase here, it’s “in the way I think it should be done”.

Just because the younger generation are doing things differently it doesn’t make them wrong, in my generation it was sending text messages that was wrong because we weren’t talking on the phone. Before that it was talking on the phone rather than going to people’s houses.

I’ll also add what my psychologist told me.

Social skills aren’t innate in humans, we have to be taught them. Smaller family sizes and greater distances from extended family mean these aren’t taught by older siblings/cousins/etc like the used to and parents aren’t filling the gap, which means standards of social interaction are changing much more rapidly.

sitharus··on uBlock Origin GPL code being stolen by team behind honey browser extension
From what I understand, no, they don’t replace coupons you’ve entered.

Honey’s advertising message was “never search for a coupon again” and “we’ll ensure you always have the best discount possible”. However in reality a merchant could sign up as a Honey partner and for a mere 3-5% commission they’d let you set the coupons that Honey would show.

So for example if your business gave a 20% promotional coupon to a small community, you could set Honey to ignore it and only show a 5% coupon in the coupon search. People with the 20% coupon will still get to use it, but Honey will never supply it.

So not only was Honey removing affiliate revenue from the people promoting it, it wasn’t giving the people using it the best deal that it promised.

sitharus··on The FDA Hasn't Inspected This Drug Factory After 7 Recalls for the Same Flaw
I only know about New Zealand, and we definitely do source a lot of medications from India.

However we have a single payer health system for the most part (you can get medications that aren’t through the system, but you pay full non-US market price), so the big stick is “well we’ll buy from someone else”, easier said than done of course but it seems to work.

Our medical regulator (different body to the purchaser) doesn’t do inspections overseas but does random tests on the products imported to check the quality.

sitharus··on Parkinson's Law: It’s real, so use it
One of the things I learnt about ADHD from my recent diagnosis is how it disrupts your perception of time compared to people without it. To me it doesn’t matter if there’s a deadline, my brain just does not perceive time in a way that makes it matter.

Of course I have strategies to manage this, and medication helps somewhat. But if I set a deadline for myself I’m never going to keep it.

sitharus··on Airline informant received thousands from passenger cash seizures
Huh, I failed to find the NZ page. My search skills must be getting rusty... thanks for the link!
sitharus··on Beekeepers halt honey awards over fraud in global supply chain
If you think the taste of honey is indistinguishable from sugar syrup, you haven’t had real honey.

In addition to flavour compounds from the nectar, honey contains trace amino acids that cause it to slowly undergo the malliard reaction at room temperature, resulting in a caramel undertone that increases as the honey ages.

The flavour also strongly depends on the nectar, with some being very subtle and resulting in a very syrup-like honey, and others being extremely strong.

Other than flavour, and some anti-microbial properties, it has the same dietary properties as sugar syrup.

sitharus··on Beekeepers halt honey awards over fraud in global supply chain
Unfortunately not. The rate of crystallisation depends on the source of nectar for the honey, I know from experience that clover honey seems to crystallise a lot sooner than Manuka honey.

It also depends on the sort of processing done. Commercial honey is pasturised, but local suppliers might not.

sitharus··on Beekeepers halt honey awards over fraud in global supply chain
Take a holiday to New Zealand and try honey here. It’s definitely not adulterated because we don’t allow any honey imports. Try clover, Rewarewa, Manuka, and multiflora, you can taste a clear difference between each.

Of course they’ll likely be creamed honey rather than pourable, but that’s just a preference.

sitharus··on Airline informant received thousands from passenger cash seizures
I’ve never heard of a legal limit for paying in cash. The AML rules require people to have an explanation of where the cash comes from, but there’s no limit on it. Of course there’s no requirement to accept cash except in the case of paying a debt.

Here in New Zealand there are maximum limits on the number of coins you can use so paying your tax with a truckload of 10¢ coins is illegal, but if you use $100 notes you can use as many as you like.

sitharus··on Goodbye, Rust. I wish you success but I'm back to C++ (sorry, it is a rant)
But that's not a problem with Rust, and it's not something that anyone should feel ashamed about. Just acknowledge "Hey I can't use Rust because I can't commit the brain space needed to it".
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