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pedro_caetano

109 karma · joined July 2, 2025

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pedro_caetano··on Why does Opus 5 feel worse to work with?
My experience of N=1 is that this is true for most professional contexts, except for Legal and Fiscal queries.

Likely related to corpus but questions asked in these domain knowledge areas are not nearly as accurate and specially not nearly as complete as when asked in a native language.

pedro_caetano··on In Emacs, Everything Looks Like a Service
Now I am really curious to see Anon Emoose's init.el
pedro_caetano··on Digital Sovereignty Becomes an Imperative as the US Reads Dutch Emails
Not exactly free as in free beer but Collabora, and their 'Collabora Online' suite fits your description. It's effectively online hosted libre office with a few extras.
pedro_caetano··on Ada, its design, and the language that built the languages
That is a strange claim, the Ariane accident was a Systems and really a Requirements flaw.

Arguably with that spec the same could have happened if they used punched cards or Haskell instead of Ada.

pedro_caetano··on My Journey to a reliable and enjoyable locally hosted voice assistant (2025)
Not voice assistants but for anything that falls into the body of text category (emails, letters, documentaton) I just use Dragon NaturallySpeaking, mainly to give myself an RSI break from typing.

A Radiologist friend of mine convinced me to give it a try, apparently radiology reports are dictated in most places nowadays

I think the main frustration is often speed and precision but with modern dictation software it is pretty flawless.

pedro_caetano··on Electric motor scaling laws and inertia in robot actuators
No, compliant mechanisms are important but the real gap in Robotics is perception (and no perception is not just Computer Vision).

There is such an insane amount of information richness in mammals and sensor specialization:

- Merkel discs

- Ruffini corpuscles

- Meissner corpuscles

- Pacinian corpuscles

- Muscle spindles

- Golgi tendon organs

- Nociceptors

And it's not the biology 101 types of sensors (in terms of variety of sources) but also the information density per square millimetre. It is orders of magnitude above anything that has ever been created with technology.

Once we leap above just Visual Servoing and start reaching sensory density and feature parity with human skin, joints, muscle, feet/hands, then we may start to see real breakthroughs.

pedro_caetano··on PCB devboard the size of a USB-C plug
Very nice walkthrough in the demo readme, thanks for sharing.
pedro_caetano··on PCB devboard the size of a USB-C plug
Question for the people who have used the CH32V003 or more generally WCH, either for hobby or production, what is the current state of documentation and toolchain for these chips? Positive experiences, war stories?
pedro_caetano··on Diode – Build, program, and simulate hardware
Sounds like you are looking for a SPICE like simulator, there are quite a few free/open:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_free_electronics_circu...

pedro_caetano··on Sub-$200 Lidar could reshuffle auto sensor economics
Is there any deeper study on long term effects regarding retinal damage?

I would imagine, even with safe dosages, there would be some form of cumulative effect in terms of retinal phototoxicity.

More so if we consider the scenario that this becomes a standard COTS feature in cars and we are walking around a city centre with a fleet of hundreds of thousands of these laser sources.

pedro_caetano··on Hetzner Prices increase 30-40%
I couldn't find any changes on their keyturn stuff with the 'Webhosting' products?

Is the price hike only on Hetzner's offer for dedicated or VPS servers?

pedro_caetano··on Europe's $24T Breakup with Visa and Mastercard Has Begun
> The concept of a physical card is obsolete.

We have progressively absorbed single function items into a mobile computer.

Watch, notepad, calendar, phone, flashlight, camera, dictionary, encyclopedia, etc.

The issue with declaring single function items as obsolete is that it removes redundancy and really sets us all up for an increasingly more critical single point of failure in our pocket.

pedro_caetano··on Microsoft forced me to switch to Linux
> I can almost guarantee this is from some endpoint management software your company installed.

I had the same issue with a loan machine from a client, super responsive onsite, but once I connected through a VPN from an external network, all the basic functionality in the file manager was brought to a halt. Even something as simple as right click on a folder to show a context menu would take several seconds.

The files were all local (also with Onedrive sync disabled) so I am almost positive it was whatever they were using for endpoint protection (Can't recall 100% but probably something from CrowdStrike).

pedro_caetano··on Ask HN: What recent UX changes make no sense to you?
Not recent but the slow trend towards a complete loss of clickability in both desktop and mobile UX.

I read text and sometimes I can interact and click/tap it for some action but other times it is just text. Not having a visual distintion between those two seems hostile. But maybe I'm just showing my age.

pedro_caetano··on Comparing AI agents to cybersecurity professionals in real-world pen testing
I agree with your point that the claim is exagerated. My counterpoint is even if they are subpar, they will still make business sense if they are inexpensive, much in the same way that Static code analysis tools aren't great but because they are inexpensive they still make sense during development.
pedro_caetano··on Electronic nose for indoor mold detection and identification
KIT had a project on this (Project KAMINA) which looks like it is also cited in the linked paper.

They had a spin off SMELLDECT GmbH which sells a kit but not exactly a order from DigiKey thing. I imagine you will need to send an RFQ and go through the motions with their sales team.

pedro_caetano··on Comparing AI agents to cybersecurity professionals in real-world pen testing
Fair, but if you look at most tools for Static Code Analysis they will have equal or worse performance with regards to false positives and are still seen as added value.

If this is inexpensive (in terms of cost/time) it will likely make business sense even with false positives.

pedro_caetano··on Microsoft Copilot AI Comes to LG TVs, and Can't Be Deleted
Even if they don't brick them explicitly they will no longer provide security updates for them.

I'm on the same boat, smart TV has never been online, all content is just cast from media server/phone/tablet straight to chromecast. It works, no fuss, glitch free, and of course they will kill it.

pedro_caetano··on Willis Whitfield: Creator of clean room technology still in use today (2024)
Slightly off topic but that lab book made me a bit envious.

I doubt my mental bandwith could cope without org mode and digital formats in general. But that penmanship and the general neatness really shows a focus and an intentionality that makes me feel that something has fallen off the wayside in this digital transition.

pedro_caetano··on Arduino published updated terms and conditions: no longer an open commons
> Who out there is programming these chips in pure C using open source compilers and bootloaders?

The gcc-arm-none-eabi toolchain is pretty much what you are asking for at least for ARM targets. You can literally use a text editor and gcc-arm-none-eabi, that's it.

And if you want something really bare bones avr-gcc still targets the whole atmel family including those ATtiny chips which are also a lot of fun.

I don't know the state of it nowadays but 'Mbed' is probably worth looking into. The project had _a_lot_ of Middleware libraries to abstract hardware, a few levels below, makes embedded development a little less datasheet dependent, specially if you are just hacking something as a hobbyist.

pedro_caetano··on SlopStop: Community-driven AI slop detection in Kagi Search
Definitely anecdata but an eye opener for me:

I've been using Anthropic's models with gptel on Emacs for the past few months. It has been amazing for overviews and literature review on topics I am less familiar with.

Surprisingly (for me) just slightly playing with system prompts immediately creates a writing style and voice that matches what _I_ would expect from a flesh agent.

We're naturally biased to believe our intuition 'classifier' is able to spot slop. But perhaps we are only able to stop the typical ChatGPTesque 'voice' and the rest of slop is left to roam free in the wild.

Perhaps we need some form of double blind test to get a sense of false negative rates using this approach.

pedro_caetano··on Active listening: the Swiss Army Knife of communication
Yes one should write flesh out rather than flush out. However, as someone who uses English as a second language, the concept of phrasal verbs is the single most non-intuitive thing (with the very real risk for severe faux pas).

From your own words, to flesh out implies to me as a non-native that I remove flesh from said thing, when in reality the expression is to mean that you "add" flesh to bones. Very confusing.

pedro_caetano··on Electricity can heal wounds three times as fast (2023)
They do move 'naturally' in the right direction if you think of a cell and it's membrane it can be loosely abstracted as a dielectric material and like any other dielctric can be polarized.

The issue with diabetes is that over time periphery blood supply becames problematic which means healing takes way longer, sometimes never healing at all leading to necrosis (dead tissue).

So you could argue that 'accelerated healing' tissue is a poorer grade tissue by some metric, e.g. connective tissue is not as flexible or strong etc. But in diabetic wounds the alternative to 'accelerated healing' tissue could literally be an amputated limb.

pedro_caetano··on Programming in the Sun: A Year with the Daylight Computer
Most of these e-ink solutions are great for reading (mostly static) content but still feel like a compromise for productive work.

I wish there was a bigger market and interest for 'unsexy' RLCD transflective displays, at the moment all the RLCD solutions feel very constrained for user side modding and just generally overpriced.

Something like the old Pixel Qi 10" Display modules in a bigger form factor would be ideal.

pedro_caetano··on Clavier: An FPGA-based mechanical keyboard with USB hub and comms interfaces
The optimization here is somewhat theoretically specially when you take into account the USB bottleneck as well as real-world Human reaction times and Perception.

But it appears from the project description that the author's motivation was indeed performance (irrespective of merit). A neat VHDL + HW project nevertheless.

pedro_caetano··on Clavier: An FPGA-based mechanical keyboard with USB hub and comms interfaces
Well the project description seems to hint at to their motivation:

> 1000 Hz polling rate

> No multiplexing, no ghosting

> FPGA-based, VHDL only, no ALU

It looks like a pure HW 'described' keyboard with no running software meaning it is fully parallel (plus some serialization when reaching the USB device/interface).

So arguably on top of true parallelism the only ceiling for the latency of the whole thing will be the clock period configured in the design and the physics and electrical behaviour of the switches themselves + circuitry.

Probably someone who enjoys working close to hardware and wants to optimize performance.

pedro_caetano··on The history of cataract surgery
> I feel truly lucky to have been born into a time of modern medicine.

Well it really depends on how you look at it...

I would argue that the truly 'modern' aspect of cataract surgery is the IOL manufacturing and implantation image-guided systems.

I have a massive respect for Ophthalmic surgeons but worth mentioning (most) current cataract surgeries still imply:

1. A manual incision (read stabbing you with a handheld scalpel)

2. Capsulorhexis (manually open the lens capsule)

3. Using a handheld ultrasonic 'jackhammer' to destroy the old lens and quite literally suck it out, working in a foggy environment with limited depth perception in a tiny chamber right next to a thin film behind the lens.

4. Finally then implanting the new IOL lens.

So with so much of 'modern' surgery still depending on Human Perception and Human submilimiter dexterity, with surgeons who are likely doing 16 plus surgeries a day. It is truly a remarkable statistic that only 5% of Cataract surgeries suffer complications.

And if you think the odds are against surgeons in Cataract surgery wait until you read up on retinal surgery, then it really drives the point home of how insanely skilled Ophthalmic surgeons are.

pedro_caetano··on Raspberry Pi 500+
A large part of the original Ethos of the Raspberry Pi foundation is to bring back some of the technology fascination and allure that children in 1980's Britain experienced with the BBC Micro and Acorn computers (which ultimately led to today's ARM).

We can assume the 500 is meant more as a nostalgia 'one-computer-for-every-child' design more so than a powerful work house for developers.

pedro_caetano··on Ultrasonic Chef's Knife
Having worked a fair amount with ultrasound for eye surgery [0] the physics similarities are very striking (the FEA simulation gave me flashbacks) but it's almost funny how the same principles can be translated and applied for an entirely different end purpose (cataract surgery, and slicing tomatoes!)

To use Scott's words it is very cool to see such a tech translation from industry to home use. I would still be cautious about the lifetime of these devices (namely how it will deal with water ingress over time) but the fact that they will come out of a factory is already quite a HW startup feat.

[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phacoemulsification

pedro_caetano··on Ask HN: What are you working on? (July 2025)
Playing with motion amplification to see if we can predict heart/respiratory rate of my newborn. I shot a few 4k videos of him sleeping as test data and working through some algorithms from published papers.

On parental leave with my third. We are on month 4 so I have (a bit more) free time in the late evenings after we put the older ones to bed.

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