Do you have any particular example or domain in mind?
Regarding the automatic analysis, Automatic Statistician (Tenenbaum & Ghahramani et al.), which is supposed to automate / assist the exploratory analysis, comes to mind. Not sure if it'd be fair but I tend to lump some of the probabilistic programming - such as BayesDB - platforms into the same bucket. While these are exploratory tools, they are ideally (pragmatically) meant to help identify associations and context whereby correlation is highly suggestive of causation.
Another area of interest: one of the comments below mentioned adaptive clinical trial design. I know that Bayesian trials are intensively implemented in some cancer research centers such as MD Anderson (off-topic: curious to what extent IBM Watson was used as part of this protocol). I would love to know whether adaptive trials are increasingly popular or widely used in pharma industry.