Update:
But yeah, mvsqlite as of today seems to be tied to one sqlite per mvstore so it's attaching databases to the sqlite instance is the only way to deal with multi databases. So, it will naturally be affected by SQLITE_MAX_ATTACHED.
Perhaps a potential big idea would be to have a sqlite instance per database and a "proxy" layer above sqlite instances to (1)obtain/set a global transaction ID per multi-db transaction and (2)redirect queries to each involved sqlite databse, while the serializability is guaranteed in the FoundationDB.