momoschili

yet you have failed to provide even a single name as of yet. It's easily google-able that all of the major players got off scott-free.

None of the highest up were sent to jail. CEOs perfectly fine taking responsibility for the profits, but what happened to taking responsibility for the fraud they enabled?

Can you name any of them? As far as I know none of the CEOs of the major banks spent any time in jail. They tried to get the CEO of Wamu but he successfully countersued (LOL) to get the Feds to drop the charges?

edit: it's unfortunate that you can't bring up any actual evidence to support your assertion

Nobody that mattered went to jail. A few lackeys might have been thrown to the wolves, though it seems only 1 spent significant time in jail. Meanwhile the board members, C-suite of Lehmann, Bear Stearns, WaMu, etc didn't spend a second in jail. What's really shocking is you burying the lede.

I agree that part of the bottleneck is deploying solar physically. China is the best in the world in deploying solar panels. They are only managing linear increases in their solar capacity, year over year.

you would need 200 times the number of solar cells. I don't think you appreciate the scale that 200x is, especially when China is already:

1. quite good at making solar cells

2. quite motivated to increase their energy production via solar

sure, we can neglect the water, but the USA has much more usable flat land than China, and that is a pretty inarguable point.

you think we don't have enough space on earth for a few buildings? this seems like a purely western cope. China seems perfectly able to build out large infrastructure projects with a land area smaller than that of the continentenal USA

you realize the factor of 2 you introduce doesn't meaningfully change the order of magnitude that the previous poster is implying right?

The raw materials: diffractive optical elements and single mode fibers from a materials perspective are all quite easy to manufacture. The primarily limitation with miniaturization is the single-mode fibers, which are limited by the optical wavelength you are using and the index of the fiber. For a conventional silica optical fiber, this is probably around ~100 nm diameter at a minimum. Newer materials can definitely change this 2-3x, but I'm not aware of anything more fundamental.

So in general this would be something that you would potentially be able to see in cars, but unlikely consumer electronics or handhelds without a modification in the operational principle (eg time-multiplexing to reduce the required number of fibers).

My personal opinion is that competing on low-power and small-scale is a lost cause for photonic computing. In terms of absolute energy efficiency and absolute miniaturization, photonics will never win. But at larger energy scales and larger systems, photonics can reach a regime where higher parallel throughput will dominate.

Best is a bit of an overstatement. It's middle of the pack (performing akin to a 7700, but significantly worse than AMD Zen 5 and the Intel 13th/14th gen). I think the main thing is that it is still plenty capable in 2025 if you're running at a reasonable setting for most games.

Certainly there are situations where it is still among kings like MSFS, but definitely not a leader in most games.

they did invent the combi oven, which while not a microwave is capable of most of its duties along with roasting a chicken :)

These days the thing he is most unique positioned to do is not math, it's getting funding.

why would you get that impression?

Dark in the context of astrophysics means specifically that the object/matter does not interact directly with electromagnetic radiation (eg absorb an optical/microwave/radio photon). So it is probably dark matter, but probably unlikely to be a black hole because we can typically detect a black hole's effects in an indirect manner :P

I think the problem for me here is that previous you mentioned yourself that the primary funders are nonprofits and government organizations (NSF, Nat Geo Society, Gordon & Betty), so it doesn't seem like even you believe the private commercial piece of the puzzle is very large. I doubt allowing the models to be open would sabotage the work they do with any of the aforementioned organizations, or hurt their ability to target future government/non-profits.

If in fact what you said is true about the sources of funding, it would then seem that the US taxpayers (the relevant party here) are footing a large part of the bill from direct and indirect subsidies. I feel that it can be reasonably argued that a non-profit organization that is benefiting from significant public subsidy should make their model available for public use.

sounds like you're arguing that it should be open given that two non-profits and the US government are the primary funders of it. Given how non-profits tend to get a high degree of public subsidy as well (indirect tax subsidies to non-profits and the people that donate to them are essentially paid by the US taxpayer), we can reasonably conclude that the US taxpayer is footing the bill here.

seemed like they were pointing out that Mazda EV offerings are bad and that they don't worry about EV initiatives. That doesn't have much to do with studying how to put older batteries to use - EVs can be bad for many reasons.

To me it seems perfectly reasonable to try to find a way to leverage depleted EV batteries for a factory - whether or not it's producing EVs or not.

It has been proposed and is often studied in different contexts, but it seems unlikely that we will be able to measure it any time soon.

I have to imagine that even accounting for the variance in internal resistance over a large set of batteries in a demanding application like a car is probably a host of problems makes this unattractive from the outset.

Did you even read the article? It has nothing to do with producing EVs, they are using the old EV batteries to help power manufacturing facilities.

it depends on the scale and the required amounts. If having a limited amount of catalyst wasn't such a big problem I suspect hydrogen power would have been much more economically viable.

Yes, the key here is the degradation of the forever chemical, not the removal. Removal itself doesn't really change the environmental scale of it

3. Do #2 without platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium to make it economically viable

ideally lead AI science, but in reality mostly pontificate on social media. One could say that is fitting for Meta though right?

Contrary to the prior commenter, there is definitely significant engineering going toward this, but it's not clear or likely that photonic computing will supplant electronic computing (at least not anytime soon), but rather most seem to think of it as an accelerator for highly parallel tasks. Two major ways people are thinking of achieving this are using lithium niobate devices which mediate nonlinear optical effects via light-matter interaction, and silicon photonic devices with electrically tunable elements. In the past there was a lot of work with III-V semiconductors (GaAs/InAs/GaN/AlN etc) but that seems to have leveled off in favor of lithium niobate.

Photonics has definitely proved itself in communications and linear computing, but still has a way to in terms of general (nonlinear) compute.

The vast majority of US grad students already pass tests on chapters 1-9 (the ones that are taught) before they even begin their "true" graduate career (aka their "masters"). Most graduate E&M (Jackson) and Thermo/Stat (Landau) mech classes cover their individual topics to an even greater level of detail than these materials.

As for the uncovered subjects, it turns out quantum mechanics occupies a large space of the "new physics" that graduate students are trained to do.

There are definitely an incredible amount of utility and knowledge to be gained from the classical field theories, and obviously many outstanding and new problems that I think need more attention as well. At the same time let's not understate the utility of quantum mechanics that most grad students are specializing in.

You are speaking out of turn.

I just looked through the diffraction chapter and some chapters I'm much less familiar with. This is an incredible ~graduate level text for these subjects. I've been looking for something like this for a while! Thanks!

producing raw material does not mean you can process it.

The American defense branches have been searching for Ge-free alternatives for thermal optics, etc since during Biden's presidency. The trade war is significant, but does not change the calculus here.

interesting, you're right they are devoid of warnings. I thought maybe it was an EU/Germany thing, but looking at American listings it's similar. This may be due to the level of UV-C exposure you're getting. EG weak laser pointers won't have the same caution signs as a Class IV laser.

Edit: Looking into it a bit more, seems that "far-UVC" light is a bit higher energy than the typical "UVC". It seems that far-UVC penetrates less deeply and critically is apparently much better absorbed by the dead layers of the skin than UVC, so it is currently recognized as safe... All I could find on it was a Columbia research artcle.