I'm also curious about this. It seems that many go developers out there are using Makefiles. Makefiles are a good solution for golang projects in some cases, but I've seen a lot of people really abusing Makefiles and trying to use them for more generic task running.
In a past life, we used invoke [1] for task running. It was incredible but has the same problem as rake: it introduces another language (Python) and more dependencies.
There's a fairly new task runner being developed in go called mage [2], but it didn't seem worth the jump yet to me as it's still pretty immature (I haven't played with it in a few months, though). Did you consider trying that out?
[1] https://github.com/pyinvoke/invoke [2] https://github.com/magefile/mage