There's a two-year fellowship with renewable terms through the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. I hear that they and their workers are always interested in talking to good developers and designers, and that a large majority of their tech folks work from around the country. http://www.consumerfinance.gov/jobs/technology-innovation-fe...
Source/disclaimer: I'm a UX designer with the CFPB who just started said fellowship, who lives and works remotely from Chicago.