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lrasinen

415 karma · joined December 11, 2023

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lrasinen··on Undersea power cable linking Finland and Estonia suffers damage
From the press briefing: the ship Eagle S was stopped and found to be dragging its anchor.

Or rather the chain; when the chain was raised there anchor was missing.

Coast Guard and Police are on board.

lrasinen··on Undersea power cable linking Finland and Estonia suffers damage
The current prime suspect is flagged in Cook Islands and registered owner is in UAE. Currently anchored off Finnish coast with a Coast Guard escort.

True, there was a Chinese ship nearby but its path crossed the cable several minutes earlier.

lrasinen··on Finland, Sweden complete repairs on Baltic Sea cables
The last time there was cable and gas pipe damage in the Baltic, it took about two weeks for the investigators to do their thing and hold a press briefing. Some details ("mechanical damage, doesn't look like an explosion") had been published before, but most of the investigation results were publicized all at once.

What is publicly known this time: when and where the cables were cut (locations approximately, times accurately), and that there's a Chinese ship (Yi Peng 3) that was followed by Danish navy vessels, and the ship has been anchored for a week with constant guard from German and Danish (and possibly Swedish) navy.

There's a video[1] by a Finnish sea captain with MarineTraffic history access going over the track of YP3. Since it's in Finnish, a brief summary (or try your luck with auto-translation):

1) The ship sets off with a speed of 9-10 knots, but then slows down to 5-6 knots for 400 km or so, before returning to 9-10 knots. While weather could be a factor, other ships in the area experience no slowdowns. 2) The ship crosses the cables right around the reported break times. 3) There is an additional slowdown to 3-4 knots near a known underwater sand ridge. 4) The ships heading jumps around a bit; again, the other ships do not do this. 5) There is a missing portion in AIS data; however, this is seen with other ships as well.

Now, this is all circumstantial evidence, but is consistent with dragging the anchor on the seafloor for an extended period of time. Calling it sabotage would require establishing malicious intent, of course.

[1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fB-vEp3wr-0

lrasinen··on Two undersea cables in Baltic Sea disrupted
I don't buy that number (no source is attributed to it), or rather, I don't believe there's a single incident causing this.

The C-Lion1 cable is predominantly North-East - South-West whereas the BCS cable is NW-SE. They do meet, but the C-Lion1 operator Cinia says their cable broke about 700 km from Helsinki, east of the southern tip of the Öland island. That's easily over 150 km south from where the cables meet.

Also, C-Lion1 was reported broken at 4m, and the BCS cable at 10am the previous day.

lrasinen··on Two undersea cables in Baltic Sea disrupted
New New Polar Bear (the Nov 2023 case) was definitely sailing down the Gulf with its anchor down. Estonian defense minister stated at the time there are drag tracks in the seabed for "over 185 km".

(Source: https://www.hs.fi/maailma/art-2000010015226.html)

lrasinen··on Touchscreens are out, and tactile controls are back
Or cats. Waking up in the middle of the night because the stove is beeping is not my favorite thing.
lrasinen··on Why Tesla's EV Charging System Won the Race to Become America's Standard
Over in Finland the usual home charger options are 3.6 kW and 11 kW, and that makes a difference (24 hrs vs overnight).

Also three-phase AC is ubiquitous here, you need it to run your sauna stove :D

lrasinen··on Why does FM sound better than AM?
I got an RTL-SDR this summer and brushed up my DSP skills playing with FM signals. PLLs are marvellous beasts; you can do a slapdash job in "designing" one and it'll still probably lock on just fine. Might not be optimal but will still lock.

Another fun one, when you have IQ samples, is the polar discriminator: calculate x[t] * x*[t-1] where x* is the complex conjugate, and take the angle with arctan. Feels a bit like magic ("is that all?") but is justified by the theory.

lrasinen··on Why does FM sound better than AM?
They do.

First of all, the pilot is only required for decoding stereo and RDS. Mono FM does not use a pilot, so obviously there had to be a way to detect FM before stereo came along. I linked to a few of the approaches in a sibling (cousin?) comment.

Second, the pilot is embedded in the decoded FM audio. You need to demodulate FM to get to it in the first place. If you look at the waterfall display in an SDR receiver, it might seem like the signal is already present in the original radio frequencies (especially during silent periods), but it's there only indirectly.

If you have silence in an FM transmission (say 96.6 MHz), the only audio component present is the 19 kHz pilot signal, which causes the FM radio signal frequency to vary between 96.6 MHz ± k*19 kHz (not sure what's the value for k, but it's not 1). The sine likes to spend most of the time near the extreme values of its range; plot a histogram of a sine wave and you'll see peaks on either end.

The waterfall is basically a histogram over frequencies so it gets those peaks as streaks on both sides of the main carrier frequency (plus smaller ones for other components in the signal).

lrasinen··on Why does FM sound better than AM?
The pilot is there for stereo decoding, it has nothing to do with the ability to tune to an FM station.

https://wiki.analog.com/university/courses/electronics/elect... has some of the analog approaches collected.

lrasinen··on Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to John Hopfield and Geoffrey Hinton [pdf]
The photoelectric effect was known before Einstein, so the award was for theoretical achievements. (But only after Millikan had done precision measurements on it)
lrasinen··on Pirates of the Caribbean hijacked America's metric system (2017)
Haven't built a house, but some indoor construction notes:

Measurements are specified in mm, yes. How well they're adhered to depends on the application.

Factory-made kitchen cabinets, for example, are usually 600 mm wide, and this is pretty spot on (and since it's chipboard it won't warp much). The doors are specified a few mm under, so 597 mm for example.

Drywall comes in at 1200 mm; again, this is quite accurate. The studs then go on a convenient fraction, usually either 400 mm or 600 mm. However, there's much more leeway in precision since you don't see the studs once the wall is up.

And yes, seals and caulking and floor molding and other such tricks are used to cover up gaps where necessary.

---

Personal anecdote: we recently got new a new fridge and a new freezer. I'd made measurements of the installation location (1200 mm), checked the appliance widths (595 mm), and figure it'd be tight but doable. Turns out the wall was slightly crooked, and I'd measured it near its widest location. Ended up cutting out the (chipboard) wall on one side.

lrasinen··on Electricity That Costs Nothing–Or Even Less? It's Happening More and More
Oh and in Finland there's a separate per-kWh fee to the local electricity network operator for transferring the electricity, so the breakeven point is somewhere around -4 c/kWh.
lrasinen··on Electricity That Costs Nothing–Or Even Less? It's Happening More and More
Some context based on recent history (EU/Finland perspective):

- On average the market electricity contracts are cheaper than flat-rate contracts

- Day-to-day (and hour-to-hour) variation can be huge; yesterday evening it was 32 c/kWh, tomorrow it'll be about 2-3 c/kWh for most of the day.

- You know the day-ahead prices around noon (UTC), so you can plan ahead.

- EU has a wholesale electricity price cap; not sure what's the current value but it was 500 c/kWh a while ago. Plus taxes, probably.

lrasinen··on Vapour: A typed superset of the R programming language
": type" has a long heritage, going back to (at least) Pascal in 1970.
lrasinen··on Moral implications of being moderately successful computer scientist and a woman
I'm in a similar situation and I'd guess in my case it's 1/4 blindness and 3/4 working with decent people.

For most of my career I've worked in mixed teams and can't recall seeing overt misogyny at all within the team. However, there's been a client or two who want to "talk it man-to-man", or simply not believing anything our female technical subject expert was saying before someone with a male name confirmed it, qualifications be damned. I'm sure for every such case there's been 10 I've just not heard about.

Meanwhile my wife, also in IT, hasn't really experienced any harassment or misogyny at all in the past 20 years or so.

lrasinen··on Police cannot seize property indefinitely after an arrest, federal court rules
True; the intent isn't to make owning guns impossible, but it takes some dedication to get into guns, and once you get one, next ones are easier to obtain.

The end result is a small minority having multiple guns per person, the majority not having any, so citing Finland as a country with high gun ownership is misleading.

lrasinen··on Police cannot seize property indefinitely after an arrest, federal court rules
Speaking only for Finland: most of the guns are for hunting: rifles, shotguns and the like. A statistic from 2016 has 1.5 million guns, 220 000 of which are handguns.

Second, the legislation is very strict. You need to have a reason for owning a gun; hunting and shooting sports are valid, personal protection isn't. You need to belong to a relevant association (such as hunting clubs or shooting clubs). You need proper locked storage in your apartment. Carrying a gun in public without a reason (such as going to a shooting range) is forbidden, and even then should be minimized.

Should you violate any of these conditions, you're liable to lose your gun license and all guns will be seized. Also the police may revoke the license on suspicion of violent behaviour.

So, if you want to get a gun, you have to live squeaky-clean. Illegal guns are of course another matter.

lrasinen··on "Frost crack" sounds may come from sky, not trees
Three mics and a loop antenna. The diagram in the May 2024 implies the mics provide a trajectory and antenna-mic difference fixes it in 3D.

Disclaimer: I was in his Basics of Speech Processing class in the university. One of the best (and funniest) courses I had.

lrasinen··on The anti-growth state of mind on the Åland islands
Just visited Åland two years ago. It was perfectly tourist-friendly on the main island, where most of the people live.

The author speaks of visiting Åva island in Brandö (county). That place is tiny; the population of the county is 436, split between multiple islands. It can't really support a booming service industry. Again, go check out the main island, that's where the party's at.

The author also complains about high fees on ferries if you're just driving through. The ferries are small, and primarily for the locals to move around; the high fee discourages drive-thru on purpose. Imagine you're trying to get to the other island for work or whatever and there's 300 cars queuing for places on a 60-car ferry.

lrasinen··on What causes migraines? Study of 'brain blackout' offers clues
Does anyone else get nasal aural symptoms? My go-to signs were a tingling sensation in the nasal cavities, followed by things smelling horrible.

I've had the classic visual sawtooth pattern exactly once, but the nasal stuff was there maybe 75% of the time. What seems to have helped was blood pressure medication.

lrasinen··on What causes migraines? Study of 'brain blackout' offers clues
I have a massive chocolate craving in the recovery phase, although I suspect it's just the body going after high-energy food.
lrasinen··on Gravitational wave researchers cast new light on Antikythera mechanism mystery
The new paper does a more detailed statistical analysis and comes up with tighter bounds for the hole count, reinforcing the case for a lunar calendar.
lrasinen··on An adjustable filter that can prevent interference in the range 600 MHz to 6 GHz
Not quite: "As a result, the new filter can be tuned to any frequency between 3.4 GHz and 11.1 GHz..."

The 600 MHz to 6 GHz referred to currently used communication frequencies.

lrasinen··on Ice to treat soft-tissue injuries contraindicated by creator of protocol
Those examples were more about the body's tendency to overdo its response.

(But aren't joint injuries usually soft-tissue as well? It's the ligaments that get the short shaft.)

lrasinen··on Ice to treat soft-tissue injuries contraindicated by creator of protocol
That's because the body's initial response is often way out of proportion. I get the flu and my body decides to turn up the heat. There's pollen in the air and my nose goes into lockdown for weeks.

I've dislocated my kneecap a few times and the near-immediate swelling was much worse than the actual injury. Recovery took a few weeks anyway so easing my discomfort for a couple of hours made no difference.

lrasinen··on Stacking triangles for fun and profit
Back in the day it was done via the unit circle. So the process goes something like this:

1. Define sin/cos as ratios in a triangle 2. Draw a unit circle with an appropriate triangle in the first quarter and note that for the vertex on the circle, x = cos alpha and y = sin alpha. 3. Assuming it holds for values of alpha > 90 deg, extend sin/cos definitions to match.

Don't quite remember how one got derivatives from that, because trig and calc were in separate modules. Possibly via the sum formula.

lrasinen··on XZ Backdoor: Times, damned times, and scams
Noticed a 4-week empty block in August. This lines up with European holiday schedules. Less common in Finland though, we prefer July.
lrasinen··on Affordable Wheel Based Refreshable Braille Display
Seems to be £12k, so not cheap: https://www.visionaid.co.uk/dot-pad

I was thinking if the dots need individual actuators. I'm old enough to remember dot-matrix printers; take the print head but put slightly beefier pins on it, move it left and right and use it to push metal spheres up in a hour-glass shaped cavity, with springy walls in the center section.

Obvious problems: how do you reset the spheres? And wear issues.

Edit: You could replace the hourglass throat with a plug valve (shared between pins). Print head comes along, turns the valve open, pushes the necessary balls up, closes valve, moves to next column. Needs more mechanics per cell, though.

lrasinen··on Ledger
I do wish accounting practice would finally accept the mathematical advancements of the last 500 years and start using negative numbers. Combined with the "transactions sum to zero" rule it makes things blindingly obvious.

Background: I studied the basics of accounting on 8th and 9th grade, and acted as a treasurer or auditor in some university student associations. I accepted the traditional presentation as a given; "it'll make sense in the end".

Then I learned the negative number thing and the sums-to-zero concept and suddenly it was completely clear what was happening. Ledger manual's "Principles of Accounting with Ledger" was where this finally kicked in.

https://ledger-cli.org/doc/ledger3.html#Principles-of-Accoun...

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