Yes - you caught me out there :) but what I had in mind was a small-scale greenhouse - the kind you have in your garden, not the commercial-scale kind. But this brings back the restricted scale that we'd end up with if mass-produced long-distance transport bananas become non-viable.
What I mean with local IS growing plants suited for the climate. So in most cases, tropical is out, unless you can take advantage of specific areas that may have a generally warmer micro-climate to grow these foods. But this implies small scale, as otherwise you'd have to put in acres of greenhouses, at which point shipping may well be a better option.
The thing about our current system is that it is efficient, making long-distance shipping feasible. However, it is not resilient, as it depends on politics and cheap energy. I'm not sure if I'd class that as sustainable just because that's how we've done it for the last 50 or so years...