jonavanoord

Thank you for the kind words!

It depends per supplier. Dairy farms, wastewater treatment plants and food and beverage biogas producers all produce biogas in anaerobic digesters. The put their manure, biosolids or food waste in the digester and bacteria break down the biosolids into biogas. If they have no use case for the biogas this then gets flared.

At landfills, biogas is produced more naturally and needs to be captured using landfill capture systems.

Yes we could, we have briefly looked into that. Ultimately, it did not make sense for us to pursue that at the time, but it definitely means that if we ever feel the need to expand/pivot into natural gas, that that option is definitely feasible. Thanks for the helpful comment!

Appreciate the kind words, we are beyond pumped to get to building this thing

We are not not interested in flared natural gas sites. It is often just a logistical question of where we are going to get the CO2 from.

Really appreciate the critical comments. I'd love to give some insight into how we look at these different ideas.

I wholeheartedly agree that the priority should be to get something built. We are currently in the process of doing that at a wastewater treatment plant. There is obviously additional risk in doing that at a biogas site. We believe we have the team and the technology to achieve that.

We do actually use quite a large amount of the CO2 in the process. An amount of CO2 that would not be present at those methane sites.

The biogas volumes in the U.S. are smaller than the wasted natural gas volumes, however it is still a substantial volume (that could cover the methanol industry 3x-5x over) and it is expected to continue to grow.

Let me know if you have any more comments or questions.

That sounds like you might have had a pretty similar sales process to what we are going through. What was your experience selling 3HB like?

Great question! Thanks for asking :)

The power draw is meaningful but from our ASPEN simulations it is not as crazy as you would expect. So far all of the utilities we have spoken to have the power capabilities to host us on their sites without any upgrades. We do intend to operate at steady state. Naturally, we are still targeting states with low industrial electricity prices to lower this aspect of our cost.

Awesome question! I've spent all of my time this summer grinding out both the biogas supply and the chemical offtake and I think it will always be slightly easier to convince someone to let you buy something from them than to get someone to buy something from you. We do also intend to always be ahead on biogas supply volumes (ensuring we have more signed biogas supply than signed chemical offtake). Overall I think the biogas supply side is less challenging but I will say that they are equally essential to how we operate.

Thank you so much for the thoughtful comment and questions :)

We take in raw biogas and do the scrubbing ourselves. We are working with a specialized gas cleaning firm to build the gas cleaning step of our process. It is not as OPEX heavy as you would expect and we have a very good sense of how clean we will be able to get the gas with this system (down to low ppb levels). We monitor H2S levels continuously and that informs us whether there is a risk of poisoning the catalyst. At scale the whole unit will be automated, including this step of the process and will only require attention for maintenance and restarting after a shutdown.

I cannot comment to much on how we attack this problem. What I can say is that we do have a solution for the biogas composition drifting. The bench-scale test was partially run on a dynamic biogas stream as we did tune it once or twice over the 1800 hours, but not heavily. There was no real activity decline over the 1800 hour run, we stopped it because our methane cylinder ran empty funnily enough.

You make a great point on competing versus large scale plants with the economies of scale advantage. One way we look to attack that advantage is by numbering up, going down the manufacturing learning curve and seriously reducing our CAPEX from FOAK to NOAK. Another way is simply by being able to deploy these units super fast and have them paid back by the time a large plant would be in the permitting phase.

From an OPEX perspective, we have found that Urban Areas as well as some rural areas present really great opportunities for localized distribution networks where a chemical customer is always surrounded by a multitude of biogas sites. This enables us to cut transport down to a fractional cost because we are moving DME only 50 miles instead of 500.

Lastly, we do not bake in any credits into our cost models. Even so, our TEA and ASPEN simulations show we have some of the lowest cost green DME and Methanol outside of China. Part of that is because we do get biogas for quite cheap, many of the sites we are targeting are too small for RNG. Even if they are large enough for RNG, many sites really like the 0 capex solution that we are commercializing. At the current price we are paying for biogas we are the most profitable biogas utilization solution for 80% of biogas volume (measured by how much net cash flow we generate for the biogas producer over a 20 year lifespan)

We really appreciate the questions! If you are interested in asking more questions feel free to reach out via linkedIn or at jona@rise-reforming.com!

If you know the name of this site I will reach out to them this week because the location is pretty ideal. Texas is the walhalla for chemicals in the U.S. so we are definitely scouting as many sites as possible in Texas. Do you happen to know the address of the site?

We do it with biogas specifically because it enables us to produce chemicals with a 90% lower carbon footprint. Our thesis has always been that when you combine cheap waste feedstocks and an efficent enough process, you could produce green chemicals that are cost competitive with the fossil alternative. Biogas is the ideal waste feedstock because it gives us a low CI, is produced 24/7 and is quite consistent in its composition. We also get it for relatively cheap.

Our process is also more efficient with CO2 so we actually like the CO2 being present.

Thanks for the kind words! We appreciate it, let me know if you'd like me to add you to our newsletter. You can also sign up for it at rise-reforming.com/team.

For a little more context. Any wastewater treatment plant treating more than 5MGD is likely to produce more than 45 SCFM of biogas.

Thanks for question! One of the benefits of our tech is we think we can go to pretty small sites and still be profitable. Our latest estimate is that a site would need to produce around 45 SCFM of biogas for us to be able to install a unit (around 14000 MMBtu/yr).

Initially we will likely have an operator on-site keeping an eye on the first few units. But as we scale the idea is for these units to be automated. No labor needed to run it. We can keep tabs on all of the units from a centralized location and if there are any process hiccups it shuts down automatically. We could then send a technician (who oversees multiple sites in the area)_come out to the site and restart the unit.

Hope that answers your questions!

Thanks for the comment and the kind words! That does sound like a pretty cool technology! Is 3-hydroxy-butyrate a specialty chemical? Or would you also end up selling it as a commodity? What does the process look like in going from syngas to 3-hydroxy-butyrate?

Great question! Thanks for asking. The GTM is tricky because it is so closely linked with scaling the technology, and because it is so two-sided. The way we currently do it is we look to build strong relationships with potential customers over time, getting in contact early and strengthening relationships as we scale the technology. So with many potential customers, we will first sign an LOI or MOU and then with every scale-up in technology we can formalize those relationships a little bit more. Until you get to a point where you have customers that you can convert to binding offtake agreements. We use a very similar script on the biogas supply side. And everytime you scale the tech further it becomes a little easier because a larger pool of companies is willing to engage and take the risk of doing business with you.

In the long term, we will look to be build, own and operate these units. Based on chemical engineering simulations and techno-economic modelling, we think we can be price competitive with fossil-derived DME and be the cheapest green methanol on the market with pretty strong margins for the chemical industry (where margins usually hover around 10%).

Let me know if you have more questions!