The current bitcoin total hash rate is obviously public information (currently about 6E20 hash/second). I was also able to find a report on average network-wide hashing efficiency, which is obviously self-reported, but is at least in line with logic (just slightly trails the current highest efficiency ASIC miners). That gives around 13 GW of total instantaneous power consumption. The US produced around 4000 TWh last year, which is an average of about 460 GW of power. That would make global bitcoin power consumption equal to about 2.8% of US energy production.
It looks like estimates for global energy production are over 30 TWh last year, so that would mean bitcoin is around 1/3rd of one percent of total global power usage.
I did that with a Phenom II X2 555. The 3rd core was stable up to around 3.8ghz if I remember correctly, whereas the 2 enabled by default were fine up to at least 4.2.
It flies to the target, gently lands, drops off its warheads on the ground, and launches back to North Dakota before they detonate. The perfect weapon!
Nonlinear dynamics means that adding heat to a partially-closed system doesn't result in an even distribution of increased temperatures. Instead, we observe a net increase in temperature averaged over the planet's surface, and wild swings in local weather due to the basically infinite-dimensional state space of the planet's atmosphere being nudged. No single observation of local weather should ever be attributed to climate change, I'll give you that.
It is very in-vogue to hate on Boeing on the internet. Deservedly, I might add, but it does mean that it wouldn’t be at all surprising for some random non-employee to make up some detailed post as a whistleblower.
Boeing, Lockheed, Northrop, RTX (Raytheon), etc are essentially subsidiaries of the DoD, with privatized returns. They are too vital to the US military to be allowed to fail. Many countries like Russia and China have more overtly state-owned weapons manufacturers, whereas the U.S. pretends that theirs are legitimate free-market suppliers. When your business is deemed essentially to national security, and when the government signs trillion-dollar multi-decade contracts for equipment and maintenance, market forces no longer apply.
Of course 2.4 GHz microwaves don’t penetrate tissue (cotton clothing is probably fine), but line of sight should not matter that much. I admit that i haven’t experimented with putting a sheet of lead between my phone and problematic headphones, but considering they work fine from the next room, I think it’s the actual mechanical jittering that’s the issue.
4: I’ve also experienced stuttering audio with a Bluetooth headset while moving (jogging). I am almost positive this is a hardware issue though due to poor build quality (intermittent short or open circuit). That’s not something I’ve really experienced with more reputable manufacturers (Sony, Bose for example).
In addition to the suggested problems others posted, perhaps it was a scheduling problem? Like, for example, scheduling N overlapping events in time, like course schedules or processes for a CPU. Generally this would be done to optimize something like throughput - I believe that when you start adding special requirements, like "These 2 courses must be taken together", then things get much more complicated and intractable compared to plain-old dynamic programming.
Sure, but because of the transistor’s nonlinearity (cutoff and saturation regions, for mosfet at least), we get digital logic. Digital logic means that errors don’t accumulate, and that prevents complexity from infecting everything in the computer. We can put neat little abstraction boxes around parts of the SoC, and then do the same with our software.
Digital computers are only noisy compared to the simplest processes, like a low rate transmission line. Compared to biological or chemical processes, a digital computer is just ludicrously low-noise, because noise doesn’t propagate unless there is a major fault.
Why should a top-of-the-line GPU cost similarly? GPUs in the late 90s were designed by tiny teams, with hardly anything spent on drivers, using fabrication processes which are like paper and glue compared to today’s TSMC processes. Just because an RTX 4090 is also top-of-the-line doesn’t mean there’s an equivalency between it and a Voodoo2, because the effort required is exponentially higher.
In 1910, the most expensive comercially available passenger automobile in the US was arguably produced by Lozier, and would be around $250k today inflation-adjusted. But these days, super cars and hyper cars can go well into the millions of dollars. There is no sense comparing the top 1910 automobile market segment to the top segment in 2023. Likewise, the 1998 GPU market just does not map to that of 2023.
If, as seems likely, solar and wind come to totally dominate all new energy construction, then it seems like state/provincial and federal governments will need to either legally mandate / highly incentivize the construction of new baseload by utilities, or build those plants themselves. We have the TVA but as much as I hope, I don't think we're getting a bunch more federally owned and operated power companies in the US.
I stayed at a capsule hotel just a block away from the station this summer, that was quite the experience. I was there for not even 3 full weeks but I think I'll feel nostalgic for Japan for the rest of my life, a strange and stunning country.
Seems like a pretty vulnerable target in future Hamas/Hezbollah conflicts. I'm assuming a fab like this would necessitate its own local Iron Dome system if there's not already one in the vicinity. I'd imagine that just a couple of lucky rocket hits could do billions of dollars worth of damage to a fab like this. Now I'm curious if you can get rocket attack insurance in Israel...
I don't see a judge ruling that training a model on copyrighted works to be infringement, I think (hope) that that is ruled to be protected as fair use. It's the LLM output behaviour, specifically the model's willingness to reproduce verbatim text which is clearly a violation of copyright, and should rightfully result in royalties being paid out. It also seems like something that should be technically feasible to filter out or cite, but with a serious cost (both in compute and in latency for the user). Verbatim text should be easy to identify, although it may require a Google Search - level amount of indexing and compute. As for summaries and text "in the style of" NYT or others, that's the tricky part. Not sure there's any high-precision way to identify that on the output side of an LLM, though I can imagine a GAN trained to do so (erring on the side of false-positives). Filtering-out suspiciously infringe-ish outputs and re-running inference seems much more solvable than perfect citations for non-verbatim output.
If your code contains verbatim copy-paste of entire blocks of non-trivial code lifted from those videos/books/newsletters with commercial licenses, then yes you would be liable for some licensing fees, at minimum.
I also attended a high-performing high school. These tactics don’t work as well with students who aren’t filtered or trained extensively to work in a rigorous academic setting. I’ve been in some typical Philadelphia school district classrooms as well, best of luck to teachers in that environment.
I just sat through a 3 hour french class that got moved onto teams last minute since the instructor is sick. 20 people who can barely communicate in french, unprepared, with crappy laptop microphones... I wanted to jump out the window then entire time.
Telemetry isn’t too hard to send down during launch, at least for the booster stage. It’s really only when you have hot plasma buildup in front of the vehicle that’s a problem for RF, which is mainly on reentry.
I might be off here, but I think the super heavy booster actually puts out more power than 3 Gorges. At stage separation, the booster and starship were moving at ~5500 kph, or about 1500 m/s. The nominal maximum thrust of the super heavy booster is given as 75,000 KN on Wikipedia. Possibly that level of thrust is only happening ar liftoff, I’m not sure, but if the engines were still burning that hot at stage sep, then that would give an instantaneous power output of 75,000,000 N * 1500 m/s = 112.5 GW.
Edit: misread your comment, we’re in agreement. But I’ll leave the arithmetic.