doetoe

Nice that you posted Ulichney's author page. I am a co-author of the second paper in the list, which describes a parallelizable error diffusion algorithm with amazing image quality, developed by the first author (not me), as part of her PhD thesis.

This has not been deployed in a product however, mostly because the approach mostly taken in new products is that described in the third paper in the list, which is (part of what is) marketed as "HP pixel control", which is inherently a method for color imaging, and which also opens up many new possibilities

I don't think that's quite right. I work at HP (I hardly dare to say it in this thread hahaha), and I am quite sure that the full formulation of the inks is developed in house (at least for large format). I do think it's true that there only exist a few hundred pigments, and those are not developed at HP. And likewise for other ingredients I guess.

I am not involved in ink development myself, but I know that when we get a new ink from the other side of the ocean (with improved properties, or compying with updated regulations), many printing parameters have to be changed or new print mode algorithms have to be developed to maintain print quality. When it's just not possible, there may be hardware changes, or there is some more alchemy, and we get a new version of the ink. And so on. This can literally take years, and sometimes it just doesn't work and a new ink development path is abandoned

Not saying it's bad as a qualitative answer, but it doesn't say anything quantitative about the effect of the temperature in the ChatGPT API. Temperature is a well known and wel documented concept, but if you don't know what y_i is, and for all I know that's just a number coming out of a black box with billions of parameters, you don't know what temperature 0.7 is, beyond the fact that a token i whose logit(y_i) is 0.7 higher that that of another token, is e times as likely to be produced. What does that tell me? Nothing.

I think you're still misreading my comment (and dragonwriter's and Knuth's): we all know or can look up what temperature is in randomized algorithms. However, what temperature 0.7 means is a mystery to me. I know that at temperature 0 the result is deterministic, and at higher temperature the randomness increases (possibly they are the Boltzmann factors associated to some energy function, but I don't know, and even if it is, I have no idea how it is scaled, i.e. what is the value of the Boltzmann constant). I know that the API accepts values from 0 to 2. I don't know more. Do you?

I don't know what prompt you used, but this is what it tells me (just to be clear, I don't think it explains anything beyond higher temperature = higher randomness, range of API values 0 to 2):

> In the OpenAI GPT API, the temperature parameter controls the randomness of the model's output. A temperature value of 0.7 in the GPT API means that the model's responses will have a moderate level of randomness.

> When generating responses, a higher temperature value, such as 1.0, makes the output more random and creative. This can result in more diverse and unpredictable responses. On the other hand, a lower temperature value, such as 0.2, makes the output more focused and deterministic, with the model tending to choose more probable and conservative responses.

> By setting the temperature to 0.7, you can expect the model's responses to strike a balance between randomness and coherence, offering a mix of expected and unexpected answers.

Maybe you misread my comment ;) I'm sure Knuth knows qualitatively what is meant by temperature, it's been used as a measure for randomness for half a century in simulated annealing and other algorithms

He didn't say "temperature, whatever that means", he said "temperature 0.7, whatever that means". Do you know what it means? In the API reference it only says the value you can specify for temperature is between 0 and 2, higher values for more random output

I agree with you. I posted it because I thought it was interesting to contrast the two approaches, not because I want the USA to win, or indeed that it is a race at all.

That said, it could be seen as a race by some, in that the winner could temporarily get access to most of the world's encrypted communications, in which case I'd hope neither would get even near the finish line.

I got it! Cannot say I had a clear strategy. Better not post hints by the way, I see now that it is a public contest and at the end you mail your solution

I don't want to take sides, I just found it very interesting to see why the author thinks China has an edge that will only get bigger unless US changes its approach.

In a way it proposes a whole different (though not new) approach to large-scale scientific/technological innovation.

I would be very interested, I'm afraid you won't be able to put it very deep in this thread though!

This was a very controversial and shady decision. While legally the conditions were met, according to the Supreme Court, I understood it was only possible because there was no elected government in Kashmir at that moment, and it has been put under direct supervision of the central government. But correct me if I misremembered or misinterpreted of course.

I cannot really add anything useful, but my progression was so similar in all senses that I thought I should comment: it started after an intestinal infection I got in India, many different hypotheses until they settled on Reiter's syndrome/reactive arthritis. Then for 12 years I was without real symptoms or medication, though with almost chronic back pain. A new bout 12 years later (knees like grapefruits etc), diagnosed now as ankylosing spondylitis. In fact I had understood that this was a specific form of reactive arthritis (rather than something different), but probably you're right.

In a way it makes more sense to have the units come first, i.e. how the numbers are written in Arabic. Namely, when you do arithmetic you start with the units, so that in English (etc) when you compute 1234 + 5678 you cannot just start writing down digits, but you have to reserve space and work backwards.

Isn't it populist to call this a tax on poor people?

The report itself: https://www.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/swop23/SWOP2023-EN...

Another interesting finding in the UNFPA annual population report: 60% of the world’s population lives in a region where the fertility rate is below replacement level, up from 40% in 1990.

I think the point is that they showed they may sanction you for unpredictable reasons, without justification.

Not sure about that, it looks like overall energy consumption still is almost there times as high in the US compared to the UK: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/per-capita-energy-use?tab... It may be worth to mention that in the UK, energy consumption seems to be particularly low, below the EU average.

Sorry, I hadn't seen your message. There is a law prohibiting caste-based discrimination. For university admissions there are also quota for low caste, casteless and tribal people, meaning that a certain percentage of places is reserved only for students belonging to those groups

> Do it all over again until you find success.

For which you may have to be somewhat lucky

Discrimination against lower castes is very real. There are quota to somewhat compensate for this. Maybe you interpreted it as there being quota for each caste?

You are replying to somebody talking about sage (rather than sympy), which in many fields (not all) is very far ahead of Mathematica. I do quite like the programming language of Mathematica, but an advantage of sage (and of sympy) is that you have the whole python standard library at your disposal. For your example you could e.g. use itertools.product.

> in Europe you want to be [...] e.g. a refugee

Have you ever spoken to a (non-white) refugee in Europe?

> I admit questioning the logic of bolting a V8 to a Cessna during that first takeoff, especially without a parachute.

Why wouldn't he just bring a parachute?

Also the ones that can afford a $1000 phone? I thought that was the case for people that cannot afford a computer

That is actually 55% more (or three other way around, 35% less)

The founders are Russian, but they actually condemned the invasion of Ukraine, and suspended sales in Russia and Belarus

This sounds great, even a moral obligation! Does anyone know if a similar course of action exists in Spain?

I misunderstood the part of the RSU's: I thought you meant that by the time they vest they will be worth considerably less than $179M, because the stock price has gone down. However if I understood you correctly now, these will be worth 0 if the stock price doesn't hit a certain value in time