Within this durable function you are calling df.wait_for_signal(<signal_name>). This call is exactly once within this function instance. There are no duplicates possible. Your df.start() call might get duplicated if it times out and you re-run it, but in this case it would end up creating a different function instance.
Any 'unhandled' errors in executing SQL will fail the function instance. Its status would bubble up the exact error being raised.