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I’m not sure why you’d need or want a randomised controlled trial to determine the colour of the sky. There have been empirical studies done to determine the colour and the reasoning for it - https://acp.copernicus.org/articles/23/14829/2023/acp-23-148... is an interesting read.

In my opinion I think it’s possible to infer by what has been said[1], and the lack of a 5.1 “Thinking mini” version, that it has been folded into 5.1 Instant with it now deciding when and how much to “think”. I also suspect 5.1 Thinking will be expected to dynamically adapt to fill in the role somewhat given the changes there.

[1] “GPT‑5.1 Instant can use adaptive reasoning to decide when to *think before responding*”

> That said, Claude is still quite behind GPT-5 in its ability to review code, and so I'm not sure how much to expect from Sonnet 4.5 in this new domain. OpenAI could probably do better.

It’s always interesting to see others opinions as it’s still so variable and “vibe” based. Personally, for my use, the idea that any GPT-5 model is superior to Claude just doesn’t resonate - and I use both regularly for similar tasks.

I think saying they are stuck with standard email protocols is a bit of a stretch. JMAP is not widely implemented outside of Fastmail and certainly isn’t used by Apple Mail, which actually uses a proprietary IMAP extension (XAPPLEPUSHSERVICE).

Of the many email hosts out there, only a handful receiving special treatment with no route for others to even request the same is special treatment. In the case of Fastmail, they’ve had this access since 2015.

It’s also very interesting that Apple reached out to the user in the developer forum thread after they raised it as an EU DMA issue.

Which, unfortunately, is now impossible as they’ve removed the endpoint that was used for this.

There isn’t a skill issue at play here - it’s that Apple have closed the previously unofficial route others have been using (including MXRoute), which has brought the issue to a head. There’s some discussion on the Apple developer forums - https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/778671.

Fastmail have been singled out as they appear to have been given special treatment in the form of an APNS topic ID. Other hosts have been using a reverse engineered endpoint to generate certificates, which has recently been closed.

There’s some discussion on the Apple developer forums - https://developer.apple.com/forums/thread/778671. The solution for the OP there seems to have been they also will get special treatment, but there remains no route for others to use to get the same.

Apple uses a proprietary IMAP extension that, until recently, any developer could use by generating a APNS certificate using a reverse engineered endpoint from macOS Server. They’ve since closed this.

Fastmail have had sanctioned access from Apple (via their own APNS topic ID) - https://www.fastmail.com/blog/push-email-now-available-in-io...

I’m not aware of any UK-based registrars that rival US registrars such as Porkbun on both price and service, but there’s also no reason not to use those providers regardless of where you’re located.

There will certainly be a level where this is viable, if not sensible. Rather than having “casual” users cover the cost of “extreme” users, letting them specify an API key will likely be beneficial (albeit for a small number of users).

In my experience, there’s a vast difference between “education” aimed at the individual and what is delivered in accredited academic courses. The commercial aspect / tailoring to get people to buy and stick with it / no doubt is a factor.

Unrelated, but frankly there should be no publicly accessible network that won’t route a “911”/emergency transmission.

It all depends on what (or when) you’re comparing coordination between European nations to. Having a less than ideal response to COVID or the war in Ukraine is vastly different than the openly hostile relations between European nations experienced prior to the foundation of the CoE/EEC/EU.

There was somewhat of a golden era of independent forums (be them phpBB, vBulletin, etc.), but they were for the most part isolated communities. The rise of social media platforms brought some useful centralisation (lowering the barrier to engage - though arguably OpenID, etc. could have achieved the same), but realistically it has turned many platforms into a hellscape of “idiots”.

It does indeed look like they’re spending the returns, rather than just sitting on an ever increasing principal which I initially suspected.

Not specifically aimed at MIT, but wouldn’t such a large unspent endowment not (at least casually) suggest a failure to invest in research / students / etc.

Nothing against the overall sentiment, and even considering the audience here, but surely the quote below isn’t serious:

MIT is one the the preeminent universities in the world, perhaps the preeminent one.

Outside of those contributing to open source projects professionally, the vast majority of contributors will (naturally) be those with greater technical abilities, which unfortunately impacts the general UX of free/OSS overall in my opinion.