Just lots of little tweaks continue to add efficiency, even as they are getting cheaper via lots of other little tweaks.
If you installed a panel today, and assumed a bad case panel degredation over time, then the new panel would be as efficient as the decade old panel was on install even after 40 years of use.
If you assume the new panel has good degredation performance it'll outperform the 2015 panel at install time until roughly 2135!
Or to tie it to the current article, vertical panels installed today outperform perfectly pitched panels from 2015.
There are physics-based limits to how high the efficiency can get with one material, but people are already selling modules with extra layers that work around that limit.