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Pharmakon

2,094 karma · joined October 13, 2018

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Pharmakon··on Proliferation of hydrocarbon-degrading microbes at the bottom of Mariana Trench
were able to efficiently degrade n-alkanes under conditions simulating the deep sea, as did a reference Oleibacter strain cultured at atmospheric pressure.

So yes, it seems at least some of them can.

Pharmakon··on Tesla and Panasonic freeze spending on $4.5B Gigafactory
Better build quality for one. The experience of actually driving a Tesla is undeniably sweet, but the panel gaps, the feeling of cheap half-assedness about details is not (especially at the Tesla price). More broadly price and range need to improve for those of us not willing to spend a premium just because it’s Tesla, and who don’t make only small commutes in a place full of superchargers. For me as well, OTA updates and the willingness of the CEO to go public blaming the driver for an accident is a no-go as well as all-touchscreen controls.
Pharmakon··on Unveiling the first-ever image of a black hole [video]
The manifold is well-behaved and continuous at r=1, and mass is one of the few characteristics a black hole has other than spin and charge. Gravitons from within the event horizon won’t escape, but the event horizon itself can be thought of as the entire black hole (for everything outside of the black hole).

This discussion might help where my ability to answer your excellent question is failing: https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/937/how-does-gra...

Pharmakon··on The Urgent Quest for Slower, Better News
Have you ever read the Financial Times? More broadly, in addition to FT I try to get a multitude of perspectives without straying too far into extremes (so no Fox News, no CNN) and I try to rely on single-topic sites. FT, NYT, Jerusalem Post, AlJazeera, Aviation Week, BBC, SkyNews, a handful of science and tech journals, HN, and some others. You can get a fairly balanced (not perfect) perspective without the kind of moral panicking and clickbait you’d often find. BBC and Sky being exceptions, but that’s my local news.
Pharmakon··on EU Agencies Falsely Report More Than 550 Archive.org URLs as Terrorist Content
It’s important to realize that Brexit is a bit more complicated than the rhetoric would have you believe. First it began with a combination of simple populism/nationalism/jingoism in the form of UKIP and at the same time a section of the political class in the Tory and Labour parties. For the Tories (at least the ones who became ERG members) it’s pure self-interest. They are filthy rich and like many filthy rich businessmen they think they’d thrive in a more lenient regulatory environment. They can create that environment for themselves if the EU is out of the picture and they keep power. Labour is more Remain, but Corbin and his fellow hardliners want a Brexit because they want the UK to be Socialist/Marxist. They know that’s just not going to happen in the context of the EU.

So you had Farrah’s and others playing the usual “Hey struggling masses, all of your problems are those immigrant’s fault” game. Over time the political success of UKIP and internal strife within the Tories led David “The Chinless Pudding” Cameron to promise that he would hold a referendum on the issue of re-elected. At the time he assumed that he would win by the same narrow margin he had previously and once again would enter into a “power-sharing” deal with the Liberal Democrats. He could then blame the LibDems for blocking the referendum, defuse the Tory civil war, and shut Farage up for another election cycle.

Then he won, decisively, and the LibDems tanked. So Cameron had no excuse to not have the referendum. He assumed that people who had been openly pro-remain such as Boris Johnson would put aside their personal ambitions and support Remain, but of course that didn’t happen. So what you had was a group of highly motivated people such as Boris who used this as a means to get power, people like Farrage being populist demagogues, and the ERG playing ideologue while just looking to get even richer. Cameron quit and literally walked away humming a little tune, and the Tories went to war with themselves. In the end everyone “died” and out of the ashes rose the silent one, Theresa May, who had switched from staunch pro-Remain to equally staunch Brexiteer mode overnight.

The rest is history. In a sense at the highest levels where Brexit isn’t about gaining short-term power and settling grudges, it’s about the long-term goal of being able to capture UK regulatory bodies. “People” like Jacob Rees-Mogg see how the business class can rob the state in the US, and they want a slice of that. The EU would prevent much of it, so they want out of the EU. The details of why individual people (who bothered to vote at all) voted to Leave is a lot less interesting and has less to do with Brexit than the political reality.

Pharmakon··on Unveiling the first-ever image of a black hole [video]
It’s not that interesting unfortunately, although I liked your approach. A graviton would be just another boson like a photon, and like a photon would be unable to escape. All of the worldlines of a graviton within the event horizon would lead to a collision with th singularity. It’s just another aspect of “No Hair” on the hole.

Remember that this applies everything where r≤1. As far as “flat” worldlines I think you might be thinking of a geodesic approaching r=1 in terms of a null geodesic, which isn’t necessarily true unless we’re dealing with a photon or graviton. Regions I,II of the Classic Kruskal-Szekeres extension illustrates this pretty clearly.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruskal–Szekeres_coordinates...

The total mass of the black hole (and all other information possible about it) can be described in terms of the boundary at r=1, so there’s no problem with mergers or accretion. To answer Wallace’s original question, we see no information escaping the black hole. What we’re seeing is sort of like shining a light on an absence of information, and observing the shadow cast. That’s not quite right, but it’s close.

Pharmakon··on Phone Addicts Are the New Drunk Drivers
My wife got her start as an attorney in the U.S. and her first criminal cases as defense counsel were for drunk divers. It ended up driving (no pun) her away from defense work, because these guys were inveterate offenders and never got more than a slap on the wrist. The penalties on the books for DUI and the penalties actually administered are often miles apart. That may have changed in the last decade though, I can’t say.
Pharmakon··on Nassim Talebs case against Nate Silver is bad math
Taleb calling someone else an entertainer is a bit rich, sort of like a clown telling someone to have dignity. I have no opinion on Silver whatsoever, but Taleb is a bloviating ass who has gone from popular milquetoast observations, to climbing fully up his own backpassage. That this all began with the likes of Dinesh D’Souza doesn’t help.

I realize that Black Swan is popular here, but it was horrendous. A single essential premise which, instead of support, rested for chapter after chapter on assertions. That’s not evidence, it wasn’t an argument, it was the sound of someone having one good idea and then realizing they lacked the capacity to support it.

Pharmakon··on Bank of America is raising its minimum wage for employees to $20
Maybe they work as an app or web dev?
Pharmakon··on Chicago is tracking kids with GPS monitors that can record them without consent
We should have sympathy for victims, without letting them be in charge of policy decisions. That pain leads to the opposite of rationality. It’s up there with “think of the children” arguments in terms of harm that can be done.
Pharmakon··on Why Drug Prices Keep Rising Despite Congress's Efforts
Maybe “despite” was a typo for “as a direct result of,” in the article? Or maybe it’s just the usual Bloomberg nonsense. The whole interview reads like apologia. Oh it’s the legal teams of the pharmaceutical industry, rather than their lobbying efforts having fully purchased the loyalty of a majority of members from both parties. Get it? Congress is the victim here, not a goddamned co-conspirator.
Pharmakon··on Crystal Meth Is Spreading
Generally speaking in the context of meth as a street drug “crystal” meth is the purer form of meth, compared to other illicit preparations. It is called “crystal” because of the formation of large Meth HCl crystals, which only form when the concentration of meth in the solution being precipitated is high. Otherwise you get a powder of the same substance, generally at a lower purity. Crystal is still likely to be a racemic mixture of L/D-meth with various impurities, but fewer impurities than other forms made in the wild. By contrast Desoxyn (the pill you mention) is pure D-meth, which is far more potent than L-meth or a racemic mixture. You will almost never find enantiomerically pure meth outside of the context of Desoxyn, so in fact crystal meth is not, “the same as prescription pharmaceutical pills” because the legal, Rx form is markedly stronger.

In short, you’ve ignored both the issues of impurities and cutting agents in illegal meth, and the important stereochemistry.

The issue of mentioning MDMA, while it may offend your sensibilities, does make sense in terms of being in the same family as methamphetamine and amphetamine. They do have different effects, but they share a similar chemistry.

http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/eu-drug-markets/201...

In addition both substituted amphetamines seem to be neurotoxic in similar ways. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3231568/

The difference in outcomes between meth and MDMA abuse may well have more to do with typical patterns of use and abuse rather than a fundamental difference in pharmacokinetics. If you’re going to feel as you put it, “triggered” by an article at least be so as a result of valid concerns based on the science.

Pharmakon··on Cosmologist claims Universe may not be expanding (2013)
That’s accurate. Metric expansion only dominates loosely bound structures on a scale beyond individual galalxies. The yardstick, solar system, and Milky Way are all on scales too small, and are too strongly bound, for metric expansion to have an impact. Galaxy clusters and the space between galaxies however, are impacted.
Pharmakon··on Low-earth orbit satellites threatened by debris from Indian anti-satellite test
You have to hunt here too, unless you like seeing the same people get into the same fights every week. I’ve found many of the best comments nearer the bottom than the top. Meanwhile Reddits like /history, /compsci, /science, /math, /space, /physics, and /chemistry are all extremely well moderated, informative, and frankly tend to be less of a monoculture. I like HN, but it has some obvious issues that are baked into its dna as a VC-backed board.

Of course if you compare HN to /politics then HN is vastly superior, but then if you compare the average non-technical thread here to anything in /science HN comes off the worse for it. Even putting aside ideological pissing matches bikeshedding, semantic arguments and language wars, you get a lot of weird self-help stuff here that would be funny if people weren’t so desperately sincere about it.

Pharmakon··on Low-earth orbit satellites threatened by debris from Indian anti-satellite test
I’ve come to accept in a pretty short time that when it comes to subject matter experts in narrow fields, especially in IT and mathematics, this site has a lot to offer. Where almost everything else is concerned it’s just Reddit with more passive aggression. The obvious solution is acceptance, and avoidance, rather than hoping that scolding or bikeshedding is going to somehow change matters.

tl;dr HN is great at some things, and for the rest is just as good or bad as the rest of the internet, just with less humor and self-awareness.

Pharmakon··on Faith and the Expanding Universe of Georges Lemaître
There are a few circumstances that lend themselves to observation, such as looking for characteristic concentric circles in the CMB, but they’ve never been observed. Beyond the few limited cases, you’re right it’s not observable even in principle.
Pharmakon··on Faith and the Expanding Universe of Georges Lemaître
I think you’ll find that multiverse interpretations of quantum mechanics, like all interpretations, are far more popular and important in the press and places like this this in science. Very very few astronomers, cosmologists and physicists are dedicating their working life to something that is broadly considered unfalsifiable.

Don’t confuse popular culture and science with the real thing. The most popular interpretation is “shut up and calculate” and will probably remain that for a very long time.

Pharmakon··on New studies confirm existence of galaxies with almost no dark matter
That’s true, but it’s also true that hypothesis is preferred because of the abject failure or other theories and hypotheses to match those observations. The window for something other than DM is exceedingly narrow and only MOND has a hope of fitting through, and currently not in a form that’s very compelling.
Pharmakon··on New studies confirm existence of galaxies with almost no dark matter
The existence of dark matter in galactic halos is inferred from the velocity dispersion of stars in a galaxy (sigma). It’s important to realize that this is a very rough kind of estimate because every aspect of it (as in the case of the M-sigma relation) is roughly estimated. Virial mass is inferred from average temperatures of gas by way of detexting X-rays. Central black hole mass is inferred through the M-sigma relation, and stellar masses are inferred through luminosity. Every so often a new paper comes out revising the overall estimates, but the proportion of DM to luminous matter stays pretty constant.

Now, in a sense this makes a “selfie” easier, because you just need a series of snapshots which help you make all of these inferences. On the other hand because we’re in the disk of our galaxy it is difficult to image because we have to deal with all of that hot interstellar gas and dust, and the extremely bright galactic core. I’m not sure how much, when you take into account a long period of time and many wavelengths can be observed, but I’d say we can observe the majority of our galaxy in at least one wavelength. Still, we’re not talking about “selfies” here, just really well educated guesses based on observations of our own galaxy and similar spiral galaxies.

So as far as inferring the existence of a dark matter halo in our own galaxy we’re pretty certain, and it seems to make up about 95% of the galactic mass. It’s based on something a lot more tenuous and complex than a “selfie” though. Once you’ve done your best to estimate the total luminous mass of the galaxy and it’s rough distribution though, and ruled out MACHOs with lending surveys all that’s left in the remaining narrow window is dark matter. The only other theory with any chance at all is MOND, but it has to thread crushingly narrow passages between observation and tests of GR.

Pharmakon··on Sovereign Citizens Helped Swindle $1B from the Government They Disavow
They do this under the rubric of “bleeding the beast” as they put it. The FLDS did this too, and it’s a pretty common, and massively self-serving tactic of many fringe groups. Personally I like it, because it opens a path for legal sanctions irrespective of the groups ideology or religion. They can believe whatever crazy shit they want, but fraud and tax evasion are still crimes.
Pharmakon··on Men outraged after Tinder introduces height verification
Tindr blog post about this, posted two days ago.

https://blog.gotinder.com/introducing-height-verification/

Oh, and by the way? Only 14.5% of the U.S. male population is actually 6’ and beyond. So, we’re expecting to see a huge decline in the 80% of males on Tinder who are claiming that they are well over 6 feet. That’s fine by us — as long as we’re all living our truths.

80% of men on Tindr claim to be “well over” six feet tall? Come on, do they think this helps their first impression when the very first thing their date sees is that they’re a liar?

Pharmakon··on YouTube’s Product Chief on Online Radicalization and Algorithmic Rabbit Holes
You asked me a question and because I answered it, that’s a problem? I was trying to be polite, and you could do the same by respecting my choice and not using your (I assumed) honest question as bait.
Pharmakon··on YouTube’s Product Chief on Online Radicalization and Algorithmic Rabbit Holes
Marketing isn’t an obligation, it’s bullshit believed by middle managers and gullible people. I don’t believe that you’re either, or that you make a habit out of buying into this kind of thing.
Pharmakon··on YouTube’s Product Chief on Online Radicalization and Algorithmic Rabbit Holes
There’s no way this group of all groups of people takes mission statements and marketing seriously, unless of course it’s convenient.
Pharmakon··on The Weird World of Vegan YouTube Stars
They are! In fact shellfish being filter feeders are often used to clean aquatic ecosystems and then maintain them. If done responsibly it’s a massive boon, and doin git responsibly is feasible and done at present. Farming shellfish is one of the few fish farm models that truly is better than the wild alternatives in terms of overall environmental impact.
Pharmakon··on YouTube’s Product Chief on Online Radicalization and Algorithmic Rabbit Holes
An advertising platform that makes their money selling and targeting ads owns a video platform funded by advertising, but the purpose of the service is speech and not ads?

Hm. I see some obvious holes in that line of thought.

I feel that the answer to “why is this advertising company so much more interested in selling ads than promoting free speech?” is more obvious than some give credit for, as is the answer to “why isn’t this massive for profit advertiser not on board with my narrow absolutist view on speech?!”

Pharmakon··on The Weird World of Vegan YouTube Stars
So... eggs and honey are slippery slopes. Really. And vegans wonder why the public at large won’t engage with them?
Pharmakon··on Magnetic Bearings Might Keep Motor Spinning for Millennia
I stand massively corrected on all fronts, thanks!
Pharmakon··on Dehumanization of cyclists predicts self-reported aggressive behaviour to them
There's nothing inherently dangerous about choosing to ride a bicycle. It becomes dangerous to ride a bicycle when operators of ~4000lb machines choose to not operate them safely around others.

Nonsense. The injury rate on bikes dwarfs cars even putting aside collisions with motor vehicles.

https://www.rospa.com/rospaweb/docs/advice-services/road-saf...

Per billion vehicle miles, 1,011 pedal cyclists are killed or seriously injured, in comparison to 26 car drivers6.

That’s per mile traveled, and it’s two orders of magnitude more dangerous by bike.

Almost two thirds of cyclists killed or seriously injured were involved in collisions at, or near, a road junction, with T-junctions being the most commonly involved. Roundabouts are particularly dangerous junctions for cyclists. Not surprisingly, the severity of injuries suffered by cyclists increases with the speed limit, meaning that riders are more likely to suffer serious or fatal injuries on higher speed roads. Almost half of cyclist deaths occur on rural roads.

It’s also a given that all of the billions driving vehicles will not all be safe all of the time, it’s part of life. Some people are drunk, tired, old, or careless... there is no changing this. It’s something to strive to improve, but positive a magical perfect world which allows for cycling to be less risky than driving is fantastical at best, dishonest at worst.

I'm fairly certain a driver also put the lives of everyone on the road at a higher priority than their own convenience. They aren't forced to "veer".

Most people don’t drive for convenience, but necessity.

Pharmakon··on Magnetic Bearings Might Keep Motor Spinning for Millennia
Too cool. Hey, could these bearings be used in something like a water wheel or windmill? I realize the technology isn’t there yet, but if it could then really you’d could have lowered maintenance costs, slightly increased efficiency, and probably a lot less noise.
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