I got 5 out of 6 correct, and the one I missed was pretty near miss (I picked at random between 320 kbps and uncompressed sample). And these were quite clear choices, many times I just needed few seconds: 128 kbps sounded worse every single time, 320 kbps vs uncompressed was a bit harder, but still pretty noticeable if I paid attention.
It wouldn't probably make a big practical difference for a typical "background noise" listening, but it may have impact if you just want to sit back, relax and focus on music (lower bitrates for me sounded "muddled", losing details in high frequencies).
BTW I'm no audiophile, no special audio gear, just cheap (but decent) 9 EUR in-ear headphones plugged into a notebook.