I think this is independent of culture. Being challenged by a person low on the hierarchy so openly does look untactful on your part.
He was my direct manager, but we were literally a team of two, working on a project together.
He was unabashedly wrong - not slightly wrong, not a bit confused, not misinterpreted - just flat out wrong.
When I told him, I didn't make a fuss, I didn't make a big deal, I just told him calmly "no, that's wrong, X because Y".
Literally my only other option was to say nothing, and let the project waste time because of his incorrect assumptions/ideas.