Second, how does he know the bank's phone system was compromised, just because he couldn't reach it? I'm no expert on phone systems, but it seems like any number of other possibilities are at play here. Like, the bank's phone system actually being down and the call minion he talked to not being in a position to know anything about it (common). Or maybe the call center was up, but it was inaccessible for a brief period of time. I can't imagine phone systems are very reliable. Again, an unsubstantiated conclusion.
Third, he also concludes the bank's records were compromised, leaking his phone number. I get fake calls from "banks" a few times per year, even ones with the right names. I see no reason to assume the bank's records have been compromised, just because you coincidentally got a fake call with your bank's name. Either it was coincidence that the name matched his current bank, or the information leaked through the usual means (bank selling your information to third-parties, who turn out to be unscrupulous or have their information stolen; or any retailer you've used your banks credit/debit card at selling your information).
Fourth, how does any of this lead to the conclusion that "[w]e’ve lost control of our phone network"? These were all typical phracker activities that have been occurring for decades.
And finally, the mention of the Do Not Call list is also a non sequitur. It's only loosely related to what the author previously mentioned.
I'm all for being security aware, but I'm not seeing the story here. In my honest opinion, this looks like a big pile of FUD with no useful substance and it surprises me that it's on the HN front page right now.