They do lots of interesting things beyond gzip. They convert images to WebP and scale the resolution of the image based upon the resolution of the host device. They also minify CSS and HTML. What I noticed which I thought was quite cool was they add ETag headers to improve the client's ability to cache resources.
They rewrite the response headers to lower case to increase the effectiveness of compression and of course everything is served over SPDY (except in special cases where that fails)