Many people follow an erroneous line of reasoning on this, though it's understandable because there's some subtlety and complexity involved.
We have been exploiting natural resources like crazy, which has depleted and will deplete many reserves over time, but not all reserves. Most importantly, the reserves that get exploited change over time due to capacity, cost effectiveness, and so on. Which means that there are many instances where particular reserves stop being exploited before they've been depleted, usually because they are too small or not high enough quality or too expensive to be competitive on the market.
Take coal, for example. There is still a huge amount of coal in easily mined locations all around the world that is not currently being used. If civilization had to "reboot" they could easily make use of those sources of coal. They aren't being used at present because they aren't competitive, they can't produce the volume of coal at the prices and of the quality that the market demands currently. But there's still tons of coal out there that you can basically just walk up to and dig out of the ground with a shovel. To some degree that same situation exists with a lot of other resources as well (such as iron ore).
Petroleum is perhaps the most likely resource to be depleted in the future, but even in that case there are still lots of smaller reserves that are easy to exploit but are not because they're too small or too expensive.
Realistically the early stages of an industrial revolution in a civilizational reboot wouldn't be significantly constrained, but later stages might be, though at that point they'd have options to work around it (for example, gasification of coal, earlier recycling, migration to non-fossil fuel power sources during early phases, and so on).