A Datomic transaction is also an entity, with associated facts about that transaction. You can add custom facts, such as your application's domain event, directly to the transaction entity to further describe the event/transaction. You can then query over the transactions as you would any other data. In CQRS/ES terms, it is an event store with snapshots on every event without the cost of duplicate data.
The technical issue appears to be that their event stream was of a high enough throughput that the indexing caused a space issue.