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Recursive CTEs are strictly more powerful than Oracle's START WITH/CONNECT BY and are supported by most databases (pretty much everything other than the MySQL/MariaDB family -- SQLServer, Oracle, Postgres, even SQlite.)

To be fair to Oracle, START WITH/CONNECT BY has been available in Oracle a lot longer than CTEs as part of the SQL standard have existed.

No support in MySQL/MariaDB.

There is support in Postgres, sqlite, MSSQL, HSQLDB, Oracle, etc... for CTEs.

You can sort of emulate some recursive SQL properties using a temporary table:

http://brianv0.github.io/blog/2013/6/recursive.html

Teradata has the WITH RECURSIVE statement which is pretty easy to use.

They're nice to have but you can do some or all the same things using recursive CTE in PostgreSQL, for one.