This paper also explains each rule. They use code analysis tools a lot, and do not like stuff which makes analysis harder (recursion, unbounded loops..)
They use error-correcting memory to combat this, but it's still better to be safe than sorry when your software controls a multimillion dollar space oasis with human beings inside who have no means of escape.
[1] http://www.statemaster.com/encyclopedia/Single_event-upset