I tend to use notes as a self-test rather than for logging what's been said. For example, as I hear something important, I'll write a small question to the effect of "what is X?" or even just "X?"

Then (this is the important part) soon after the note-taking session is done, I go back and answer all my questions from memory, in writing. That lets me get tons of stuff down on paper later at a slower pace, and it also helps to cement the stuff in my mind because I'm not distracted by trying to write it all down while it's happening. Forcing myself to recall it also does a lot to make it stick.

Usually I can use my questions as cues to go look up the stuff I forget, and if there's something that I know I'll forget and won't be able to look up, I'll try to write that down (that's pretty rare though).