I rarely start/stop the repl. I have one running for weeks. And incremental testing or updates in browser(figwheel) is all sub-second.
As for cljsbuild, I'm guessing this is more a clojurescript compiler issue since again, I run leiningen once and leave it to recompile on file change in the background. Yes would be nice to have some compiler speed improvements but really it isn't that bad. I wait a second or two, not tens of seconds. At least, this is the case for me but then my cljs projects tend too be a couple of thousand lines at most.