If all you're doing is designing a simple website (like a blog - not exactly that complicated), then yes, mobile might not be that hard.
If you're designing a web app though, that's a whole another story. If you want everything to work properly, from user interface to the actual features (one could think that cross-browser compatibility is really good these days, but in practice there's still a surprisingly large amount of places where things differ and you need to account for it), then that will mean a lot of testing across browsers and devices, which will increase your development time a lot. Hell, just getting cross-browser compatibility with common up-to-date desktop browsers is a considerable time investment with web apps.
So with that said, I must agree with the organizer quoted in the post - when all you have is 48 hours, you can't really blame anyone for not spending the time making their web app work well on mobile. Hell, I probably wouldn't spend that much time on cross-browser compatibility either (probably latest Chrome & Firefox compatibility at most - and even that can be surprisingly involving), since the time really is quite limited, and if you end up with something cool (incidentally, as the blog post says, they didn't win, and spent time making things mobile & desktop -friendly) then you'll have all the time in the world to worry about compatibility and making it truly "production-ready" after the hackathon is over.
EDIT: Not to mention that depending on what kind of web app you're building, it might not even make that much sense on mobile - generally speaking, you don't use mobile devices for serious productivity, so if you're building a serious productivity app, full mobile support could be a waste of time when no-one would even use it seriously on mobile. If you're storing data server-side with user accounts, though (as in, your app's not purely client-side), then you could probably get away with a limited mobile version that only gives read-only data or something. Of course, this all depends on what exactly you're building and should be evaluated on a case-by-case basis.