With ad blockers that prevent the HTTP request, those third party sites aren't able to track you. The publisher can always track you but that won't be shared with their advertisers or networks.
Disclaimer: I work in the adtech industry.
All they need to track you is either access to your device (by serving you code, or saving data in it, like cookies), or ip address + http headers and timestamp (which they would definitely get if the HTTP request goes through by clicking on the ad).
I suspect the hypothesis is wrong for two reasons. Those clicks make the network money, and a small percent of bad data across their network is noise.
The only result would be filtering out their traffic from counting towards any PPC ads and more accurate tracking of the individual users. There isn't an upside to running this extension.
You cant get around that fact, and the information is not some firehose they cant take or something ( also this kind of behavior is eminently detectable by the ad network, nobody clicks ALL of the ads).
When you see and click on an ad, you might be also getting tracked by DSP / retargeter / affiliate / analytics companies.