First normal form excludes variable repeating fields and groups
What are the definitions of "variable repeating fields" and "groups?"
What would violating records look like?
What are the definitions of "variable repeating fields" and "groups?"
What would violating records look like?
Mainstream relational databases does not support repeating fields, so any table will be in 1NF by default. Some non-relational databases supports repeating fields.
You can simulate a repeating field in a relational database by e.g. having the column be of type string, and then have multiple comma separated values in the field. But strictly speaking this is not a repeating field, since the column type is string, and there is only one string. It is still bad design though!