As an aside, GNU libc keeps ( or at least used to keep, I haven't checked in years ) the pointers used by malloc()/free() next to the blocks themselves, which gives really bad behavior when freeing a large number of blocks that have been pushed out to swap--you wind up bringing in pages in order to free them because the memory manager's working set is the size of all allocated memory. Years ago I wrote a replacement that avoided this just to speed up Netscape's horrible performance when it re-sized the bdb1.85 databases it used to track browser history. The browser would just "go away" thrashing the disk for hours and killing it just returned you to a state where it would decide to resize again an hour or so after a restart. Using LD_PRELOAD to use a malloc that kept it's bookkeeping away from the allocated blocks changed hours to seconds.