Base-10 isn't the only thing cultures around the world came up with. I vaguely recollect that a handful used base-5, base-6 (spaces between knuckles plus each side), base-12 (with two hands) and base 20 (two hands, two feet; or two sides for each finger) -- and probably others I forgot. We still use base 60 (which we inherited from babylonians, and are still using to count time and angles). As well as base-2, base-8 and base-16 in computer science.

Whether we stick to base-10 or collectively decide to use something saner in the future (base-12? base-60?) is anyone's guess, but methinks inertia will spell doom to efforts to part from it, much like efforts to bring sanity to the calendar never took off in the 19th century.

This much is probably sure, though: we won't go back to colorful subdivisions. Nobody except the US (and Liberia) uses anything but the metric system nowadays.