That would be an interesting experiment. There are many more variables involved though (for example, where your prices are in comparison to your competitors). My guess, strictly off the top of my head, is that it would work - at least until customers see lower prices when visiting from their desktop and get upset.

A better solution may be to mark everything up across the board - say 10% - and then offer Android users a 10% discount, while offering no discount to iOS users who are unlikely to be as price sensitive as Android users.

There is some related precedent, with Orbitz charging Mac users more: http://online.wsj.com/article/SB1000142405270230445860457748...